Kouvedaki Ioanna, Pappas Athanasios C, Surai Peter F, Zoidis Evangelos
Laboratory of Nutritional Physiology and Feeding, Department of Animal Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 75 Iera Odos, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Vitagene and Health Research Centre, Bristol BS4 2RS, UK.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2024 Feb 22;13(3):270. doi: 10.3390/antiox13030270.
The broiler industry supplies high-quality animal protein to the world. The ban of antibiotics as growth promoters has opened the way for plenty of phytochemicals and antioxidants to be explored. This study summarizes the use of natural antioxidants in a broiler diet as a way through which to deal with stressors, as well as their effects on the expression of various genes. The transcriptional factors and genes involved in the regulation of redox homeostasis are described and emphasis is placed on nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 and nuclear factor kappa B. Sources such as fruits, vegetables, spices, mushrooms, and algae contain numerous natural antioxidant compounds. The antioxidant activity of these compounds has also been confirmed at the genome level. This study focuses on the regulation of oxidative stress-related genes, as well as on genes that regulate the inflammatory response, apoptosis, response to heat stress, lipid metabolism, and the intestinal barrier status. The natural compounds presented include, but are not limited to, the following: rutin, lycopene, magnolol, genistein, hesperidin, naringin, quercetin, curcumin, bisdemethoxycurcumin, resveratrol, astaxanthin, squalene, pterostilbene, protocatechuic acid, taraxasterol, myricetin, and proanthocyanidins. Several studies have revealed a dose-dependent action. Future studies should focus on the role of phytogenic compounds as antibiotic alternatives in relation to gut microbiota and their role in eubiosis.
肉鸡产业为全球提供高质量的动物蛋白。抗生素作为生长促进剂的禁令为大量植物化学物质和抗氧化剂的探索开辟了道路。本研究总结了天然抗氧化剂在肉鸡日粮中的应用，以此作为应对应激源的一种方式，以及它们对各种基因表达的影响。描述了参与氧化还原稳态调节的转录因子和基因，并重点关注核因子红细胞2相关因子2和核因子κB。水果、蔬菜、香料、蘑菇和藻类等来源含有大量天然抗氧化化合物。这些化合物的抗氧化活性也已在基因组水平得到证实。本研究聚焦于氧化应激相关基因的调节，以及调节炎症反应、细胞凋亡、热应激反应、脂质代谢和肠道屏障状态的基因。所介绍的天然化合物包括但不限于以下几种：芦丁、番茄红素、厚朴酚、染料木黄酮、橙皮苷、柚皮苷、槲皮素、姜黄素、双去甲氧基姜黄素、白藜芦醇、虾青素、角鲨烯、紫檀芪、原儿茶酸、蒲公英甾醇杨梅素和原花青素。多项研究揭示了剂量依赖性作用。未来的研究应聚焦于植物源化合物作为抗生素替代品在肠道微生物群方面的作用及其在微生态平衡中的作用。
