Mayerhofer Doris, Haider Katja, Amon Manuela, Gächter Afsaneh, O'Rourke Teresa, Dale Rachel, Humer Elke, Probst Thomas, Pieh Christoph
Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University for Continuing Education Krems, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria.
Faculty of Psychotherapy Science, Sigmund Freud University Vienna, 1020 Vienna, Austria.
Healthcare (Basel). 2024 Mar 7;12(6):600. doi: 10.3390/healthcare12060600.
Although problematic smartphone use (PSU) is prevalent and associated with mental health and physical activity, there are no studies on its prevalence and associations in Austria. The aim of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of PSU and its associations with mental health in adolescents and young adults. A cross-sectional online survey was performed from 19 April to 27 July 2023, and the data of N = 913 respondents (14.1% male, 82.4% female, 3.5% diverse; median age: 17 [IQR: 15-18]; range: 14-20 years) were included in the analyses. Overall, 38.1% (females: 39.0%, males: 33.3%) of those surveyed were above the cut-off for PSU measured with the Smartphone Addiction Scale (SAS-SV). In addition to screen time, PSU is also associated with depressive symptoms (aOR = 1.46), anxiety symptoms (aOR = 1.86), disordered eating (aOR = 1.55), and alcohol abuse (aOR = 1.71), but not physical inactivity. On the other hand, physical inactivity was associated with depressive symptoms (aOR = 2.48), anxiety symptoms (aOR = 1.74), distress (aOR = 2.02), and low well-being (aOR = 3.25). A total of 37.7% respondents reported being strongly lonely, as measured with the De Jong Gierveld Loneliness Scale. The amount of screen time, but not PSU, was associated with loneliness. In sum, PSU affects more than one-third of adolescents and young adults in Austria and is associated with increased mental health symptoms. However, intensive screen time seems to be more strongly associated with increased mental health symptoms than PSU itself. The study confirms once again that smartphone use is associated with negative effects and that they should be used responsibly.
尽管问题性智能手机使用（PSU）很普遍，且与心理健康和身体活动相关，但奥地利尚未有关于其患病率及关联的研究。本研究的目的是评估青少年和青年中PSU的患病率及其与心理健康的关联。于2023年4月19日至7月27日进行了一项横断面在线调查，分析纳入了N = 913名受访者的数据（男性占14.1%，女性占82.4%，其他占3.5%；年龄中位数：17岁[四分位间距：15 - 18岁]；范围：14 - 20岁）。总体而言，使用智能手机成瘾量表（SAS - SV）测量，38.1%的受访者（女性：39.0%，男性：33.3%）超过了PSU的临界值。除了屏幕使用时间外，PSU还与抑郁症状（调整后比值比[aOR] = 1.46）、焦虑症状（aOR = 1.86）、饮食失调（aOR = 1.55）和酒精滥用（aOR = 1.71）相关，但与身体不活动无关。另一方面，身体不活动与抑郁症状（aOR = 2.48）、焦虑症状（aOR = 1.74）、痛苦（aOR = 2.02）和幸福感低（aOR = 3.25）相关。使用德容 - 吉尔维尔德孤独量表测量，共有37.7%的受访者表示极度孤独。屏幕使用时间而非PSU与孤独感相关。总之，PSU影响了奥地利超过三分之一的青少年和青年，并与心理健康症状增加相关。然而，与PSU本身相比，长时间的屏幕使用似乎与心理健康症状增加的关联更强。该研究再次证实智能手机使用会带来负面影响，应负责任地使用它们。
