School of Nursing, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
School of Public Health, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jan 29;17(3):844. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17030844.
Problematic smartphone use (PSU) has been associated with anxiety and depression, but few explored its mental well-being correlates that could co-occur with or be independent of mental symptoms. We studied the associations of PSU with anxiety, depression, and mental well-being in Hong Kong Chinese adults in a probability-based survey ( = 4054; 55.0% females; mean age ± SD 48.3 ± 18.3 years). PSU was measured using Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version. Anxiety and depression symptoms were evaluated using General Anxiety Disorder screener-2 (GAD-2) and Patient Health Questionnaire-2 (PHQ-2). Mental well-being was measured using Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) and Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale (SWEMWBS). Multivariable regression analyzed associations adjusting for sociodemographic and lifestyle-related variables. Associations of PSU with mental well-being were stratified by symptom severity of anxiety (GAD-2 cutoff of 3) and depression (PHQ-2 cutoff of 3). We found that PSU was associated with higher odds of anxiety and depression symptom severity and lower scores of SHS and SWEMWBS. Associations of PSU with lower SHS and SWEMWBS scores remained in respondents who screened negative for anxiety or depression symptoms. To conclude, PSU was associated with anxiety, depression, and impaired mental well-being. Associations of PSU with impaired mental well-being could be independent of anxiety or depression symptoms.
智能手机使用问题（PSU）与焦虑和抑郁有关，但很少有人探讨与之同时发生或独立于精神症状的心理健康相关因素。我们在一项基于概率的调查中研究了智能手机使用问题与香港成年华人的焦虑、抑郁和心理健康之间的关系（=4054；55.0%为女性；平均年龄±标准差为 48.3±18.3 岁）。使用智能手机成瘾量表-简短版（Smartphone Addiction Scale-Short Version）测量智能手机使用问题。使用广泛性焦虑障碍筛查量表-2 版（General Anxiety Disorder screener-2，GAD-2）和患者健康问卷-2 版（Patient Health Questionnaire-2，PHQ-2）评估焦虑和抑郁症状。使用主观幸福感量表（Subjective Happiness Scale，SHS）和短式 Warwick-Edinburgh 心理健康量表（Short Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale，SWEMWBS）测量心理健康。多变量回归分析调整了社会人口统计学和与生活方式相关的变量后的关联。根据焦虑（GAD-2 截断值为 3）和抑郁（PHQ-2 截断值为 3）症状的严重程度对智能手机使用问题与心理健康的关联进行分层分析。我们发现，智能手机使用问题与焦虑和抑郁症状严重程度的几率较高以及 SHS 和 SWEMWBS 评分较低有关。在筛查出焦虑或抑郁症状阴性的受访者中，智能手机使用问题与较低的 SHS 和 SWEMWBS 评分之间的关联仍然存在。总之，智能手机使用问题与焦虑、抑郁和心理健康受损有关。智能手机使用问题与心理健康受损的关联可能独立于焦虑或抑郁症状。
