Araújo-Rodrigues Helena, Ribeiro Tânia Bragança, Machado Manuela, Pereira Carlos D, Pintado Manuela E
CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.
Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, Escola Superior Agrária, 3045-601 Coimbra, Portugal.
Foods. 2024 Mar 19;13(6):935. doi: 10.3390/foods13060935.
Fish byproducts are valuable sources of Ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs). Their valorization potentially alleviates pressure on this sector. This study uses a circular economy approach to investigate the oil fraction from sardine cooking wastewater (SCW). Analysis of its fatty acid (FA) profile revealed promising PUFA levels. However, PUFAs are highly susceptible to oxidation, prompting the exploration of effective and natural strategies to replace synthetic antioxidants and mitigate their associated risks and concerns. An antioxidant extract from acorn shells was developed and evaluated for its efficacy in preventing oxidative degradation. The extract exhibited significant levels of total phenolic compounds (TPC: 49.94 and 22.99 mg TAE or GAE/g DW) and antioxidant activities (ABTS: 72.46; ORAC: 59.60; DPPH: 248.24 mg TE/g DW), with tannins comprising a significant portion of phenolics (20.61 mg TAE/g DW). LC-ESI-UHR-QqTOF-MS identified ellagic acid, epicatechin, procyanidin B2 and azelaic acid as the predominant phenolic compounds. The extract demonstrated the ability to significantly reduce the peroxide index and inhibit PUFA oxidation, including linoleic acid (LA), eicosapentaenoic (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This approach holds promise for developing stable, functional ingredients rich in PUFAs. Future research will focus on refining oil extraction procedures and conducting stability tests towards the development of specific applications.
鱼副产品是Ω-3多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFAs）的宝贵来源。对其进行增值利用有可能减轻该行业的压力。本研究采用循环经济方法来研究沙丁鱼烹饪废水（SCW）中的油相部分。对其脂肪酸（FA）谱的分析显示出有前景的PUFA含量。然而，PUFAs极易氧化，这促使人们探索有效且天然的策略来替代合成抗氧化剂，并减轻其相关风险和问题。开发了一种来自橡子壳的抗氧化提取物，并对其预防氧化降解的功效进行了评估。该提取物表现出显著水平的总酚化合物（TPC：49.94和22.99 mg TAE或GAE/g DW）和抗氧化活性（ABTS：72.46；ORAC：59.60；DPPH：248.24 mg TE/g DW），其中单宁占酚类物质的很大一部分（20.61 mg TAE/g DW）。液相色谱-电喷雾-超高分辩率-四极杆-飞行时间质谱（LC-ESI-UHR-QqTOF-MS）鉴定出鞣花酸、表儿茶素、原花青素B2和壬二酸为主要酚类化合物。该提取物显示出能够显著降低过氧化值并抑制PUFA氧化，包括亚油酸（LA）、二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）。这种方法对于开发富含PUFAs的稳定功能性成分具有前景。未来的研究将集中于优化油提取程序，并针对特定应用的开发进行稳定性测试。
