Tsakiri Maria, Tsichlis Ioannis, Zivko Cristina, Demetzos Costas, Mahairaki Vasiliki
Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece.
Department of Genetic Medicine, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.
Pharmaceutics. 2024 Mar 1;16(3):350. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16030350.
Neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, affect a wide variety of the population and pose significant challenges with progressive and irreversible neural cell loss. The limitations of brain-targeting therapies and the unclear molecular mechanisms driving neurodegeneration hamper the possibility of developing successful treatment options. Thus, nanoscale drug delivery platforms offer a promising solution. This paper explores and compares lipidic nanoparticles, extracellular vesicles (EVs), and hybrid liposomal-EV nanoplatforms as advanced approaches for targeted delivery to combat neurodegeneration. Lipidic nanoparticles are well-characterized platforms that allow multi-drug loading and scalable production. Conversely, EVs offer the ability of selectively targeting specific tissues and high biocompatibility. The combination of these two platforms in one could lead to promising results in the treatment of neurodegeneration. However, many issues, such as the regulatory framework, remain to be solved before these novel products are translated into clinical practice.
神经退行性疾病，如阿尔茨海默病和帕金森病，影响着广泛的人群，并随着神经细胞的进行性和不可逆损失带来重大挑战。脑靶向治疗的局限性以及驱动神经退行性变的分子机制不明，阻碍了开发成功治疗方案的可能性。因此，纳米级药物递送平台提供了一个有前景的解决方案。本文探索并比较了脂质纳米颗粒、细胞外囊泡（EVs）和脂质体-EV混合纳米平台，将其作为靶向递送以对抗神经退行性变的先进方法。脂质纳米颗粒是特征明确的平台，允许进行多药负载和可扩展生产。相反，EVs具有选择性靶向特定组织的能力和高生物相容性。将这两种平台结合在一起可能会在神经退行性变的治疗中产生有前景的结果。然而，在这些新产品转化为临床实践之前，许多问题，如监管框架，仍有待解决。
