Costantino Claudio, Mazzucco Walter, Graziano Giorgio, Maida Carmelo Massimo, Vitale Francesco, Tramuto Fabio
Department of Health Promotion Sciences, Maternal and Infant Care, Internal Medicine and Excellence Specialties "G. D'Alessandro", University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Sicilian Reference Laboratory for Integrated Surveillance of Respiratory Viruses, University Hospital of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Mar 14;12(3):305. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12030305.
The current influenza season started in Italy in October 2023, approaching the epidemic peak in late December (52nd week of the year). We aimed to explore the mid-term virologic surveillance data of the 2023/2024 influenza season (from 16 October 2023 to 7 January 2024) in Sicily, the fourth most populous Italian region. A test-negative design was used to estimate the effectiveness of seasonal influenza vaccine (VE) against A(H1N1)pdm09 virus, the predominant subtype in Sicily (96.2% of laboratory-confirmed influenza cases). Overall, 29.2% ( = 359/1230) of oropharyngeal swabs collected from patients with influenza-like illness (ILI) were positive for influenza. Among the laboratory-confirmed influenza cases, 12.5% ( = 45/359) were vaccinated against influenza, with higher prevalence of laboratory-confirmed diagnosis of influenza A among subjects vaccinated with quadrivalent inactivated standard dose (29.4%), live attenuated intranasal (25.1%), and quadrivalent inactivated high-dose (23.8%) influenza vaccines. Comparing influenza vaccination status for the 2023/2024 season among laboratory-confirmed influenza-positive and -negative samples, higher vaccination rates in influenza-negative samples (vs. positive) were observed in all age groups, except for 45-64 years old, regardless of sex and comorbidities. The overall adjusted VE (adj-VE) was 41.4% [95%CI: 10.5-61.6%], whereas the adj-VE was 37.9% [95%CI: -0.7-61.7%] among children 7 months-14 years old and 52.7% [95%CI: -38.0-83.8%] among the elderly (≥65 years old).
当前流感季于2023年10月在意大利开始，在12月下旬（一年中的第52周）接近流行高峰。我们旨在探索2023/2024流感季（从2023年10月16日至2024年1月7日）意大利人口第四多的地区西西里岛的中期病毒学监测数据。采用检测阴性设计来评估季节性流感疫苗（VE）对A(H1N1)pdm09病毒的有效性，该病毒是西西里岛的主要亚型（占实验室确诊流感病例的96.2%）。总体而言，从流感样疾病（ILI）患者中采集的口咽拭子有29.2%（n = 359/1230）呈流感阳性。在实验室确诊的流感病例中，12.5%（n = 45/359）接种了流感疫苗，在接种四价灭活标准剂量（29.4%）、减毒活鼻内（25.1%）和四价灭活高剂量（23.8%）流感疫苗的受试者中，甲型流感实验室确诊诊断的患病率更高。比较2023/2024季节实验室确诊流感阳性和阴性样本的流感疫苗接种状况，除45 - 64岁年龄组外，所有年龄组的流感阴性样本（与阳性样本相比）接种率更高，无论性别和合并症情况如何。总体调整后的VE（adj - VE）为41.4% [95%CI：10.5 - 61.6%]，而7个月至14岁儿童的adj - VE为37.9% [95%CI： - 0.7 - 61.7%]，老年人（≥65岁）的adj - VE为52.7% [95%CI： - 38.0 - 83.8%]。
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