a Department of Science for Health Promotion and Mother-Child Care "G. D'Alessandro" , University of Palermo , Palermo , Italy.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2018 Mar 4;14(3):724-735. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2017.1321722. Epub 2017 Jun 16.
Vaccination represents the most effective intervention to prevent infection, hospitalization and mortality due to influenza. This meta-analysis quantifies data reporting influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) on influenza visits and hospitalizations of case-control and cohort studies among high-risk groups. A systematic literature review including original articles published between 2007 and 2016, using a protocol registered on Prospero with No. 42017054854, and a meta-analysis were conducted. For 3 high-risk groups (subjects with underlying health conditions, pregnant women and health care workers) only a qualitative evaluation was performed. The VE quantitative analysis demonstrated a clear significant overall effect of 39% (95%CI: 32-46%) for visits and 57% (95%CI: 30-74%) for hospitalization among children. Considering the elderly influenza VE had a clear effect of 25% (95%CI: 6-40%) for visits and 14% (95%CI: 7-21%; p<0.001) for hospitalization. This study showed the high VE of influenza vaccination among high-risk groups, representing a tool for public health decision-makers to develop evidence-based preventive interventions to avoid influenza outcomes.
接种疫苗是预防流感感染、住院和死亡的最有效干预措施。本荟萃分析量化了病例对照和队列研究中报告高危人群流感疫苗有效性（VE）的流感就诊和住院数据。使用在 Prospero 上注册的方案（编号：42017054854）进行了系统的文献回顾和荟萃分析，该方案纳入了 2007 年至 2016 年期间发表的原始文章。对于 3 个高危人群（有基础健康状况的人、孕妇和卫生保健工作者），仅进行了定性评估。VE 的定量分析显示，儿童就诊和住院的总体效果明显，分别为 39%（95%CI：32-46%）和 57%（95%CI：30-74%）。考虑到老年人，流感的 VE 对就诊有明显的 25%（95%CI：6-40%）效果，对住院有 14%（95%CI：7-21%；p<0.001）的效果。本研究表明，高危人群接种流感疫苗具有高 VE，这是公共卫生决策者制定基于证据的预防干预措施以避免流感结局的工具。
