Naval Research Laboratory, Stennis Space Center, MS 39529, USA.
Department of Aerospace Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77840, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2024 Mar 19;24(6):1958. doi: 10.3390/s24061958.
Bioluminescence is light produced by organisms through chemical reactions. In most cases, bioluminescent organisms produce light in response to mechanical stimulation, including from shear around objects moving in the water. Many phytoplankton and zooplankton are capable of producing bioluminescence, which is commonly measured as bioluminescence potential, defined as mechanically stimulated light measured inside of a chambered pump-through bathyphotometer. We have developed a numerical model of a pump-through bathyphotometer and simulated flow using Lagrangian particles as an approximation for bioluminescent marine plankton taxa. The results indicate that all particles remain in the detection chamber for a residence time of at least 0.25 s. This suggests that the total first flash of bioluminescent autotrophic and heterotrophic dinoflagellates will be measured based on the existing literature regarding their flash duration. We have found low sensitivity of particle residence time to variations in particle size, density, or measurement depth. In addition, the results show that a high percentage of organisms may experience stimulation well before the detection chamber, or even multiple stimulations within the detection chamber. The results of this work serve to inform the processing of current bioluminescent potential data and assist in the development of future instruments.
生物发光是生物体通过化学反应产生的光。在大多数情况下，生物发光生物会对机械刺激做出反应，包括水中运动物体周围的剪切力。许多浮游植物和浮游动物都能够产生生物发光，通常将其测量为生物发光潜力，定义为在腔室式通过式深海光度计内测量的机械刺激光。我们开发了一种通过式深海光度计的数值模型，并使用拉格朗日粒子模拟流动，作为对海洋浮游生物类群生物发光的近似。结果表明，所有粒子的停留时间至少为 0.25 秒，因此，根据现有的关于其闪光持续时间的文献，将测量生物发光自养和异养腰鞭毛藻类的总第一闪光。我们发现粒子停留时间对粒子尺寸、密度或测量深度的变化的敏感性较低。此外，结果表明，在检测室之前，许多生物可能会受到刺激，甚至在检测室内部也会受到多次刺激。这项工作的结果可用于告知当前生物发光潜力数据的处理，并有助于开发未来的仪器。
