King Gregory G, Chung Li Ping, Usmani Omar S, Nilsen Kris, Thompson Bruce R
Royal North Shore Hospital, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research and Faculty of Health and Medicine, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Fiona Stanley Hospital, Perth, Australia.
J Allergy Clin Immunol Glob. 2024 Feb 13;3(2):100228. doi: 10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100228. eCollection 2024 May.
Disease of the peripheral (or small) airways is fundamental in asthma, being closely related to symptoms (or lack of control of them), airway hyperresponsiveness, spirometric abnormalities, risk of loss of control, or exacerbations and inflammation. Current technology now allows routine measurement of peripheral airway function. Having a working concept of peripheral airways disease in asthma is arguably very useful to clinicians and beneficial to patients because it allows a more comprehensive assessment of asthma severity (rather than just symptoms alone, which is the norm), tracking of progress or deterioration, and assessing response to treatment. Oscillometry is a sensitive way to monitor the peripheral airways, whereas multiple breath nitrogen washout parameters are excellent measures of future risk. In the longer term, physiologic measurements will be crucial in research to define causes and find new disease-modifying treatments.
外周（或小）气道疾病是哮喘的根本所在，与症状（或症状控制不佳）、气道高反应性、肺功能异常、控制不佳风险、急性加重及炎症密切相关。当前技术现已允许对外周气道功能进行常规测量。对于临床医生而言，具备哮喘外周气道疾病的实用概念可能非常有用，对患者也有益，因为它能更全面地评估哮喘严重程度（而非仅依据症状，这是常规做法）、追踪病情进展或恶化情况以及评估治疗反应。振荡法是监测外周气道的一种敏感方法，而多次呼吸氮洗脱参数是未来风险的极佳衡量指标。从长远来看，生理测量对于确定病因和寻找新的疾病改善治疗方法的研究至关重要。
