Environmental-Occupational Health Sciences and Non-Communicable Diseases Research Group, Research Institute for Health Sciences, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
Liggins Institute, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.
Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 13;12:1346900. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1346900. eCollection 2024.
Maternal obesity is associated with an increased risk of large-for-gestational-age births and childhood obesity. However, evidence on its potential associations with long-term offspring body composition remains limited. This prospective cohort study examined associations between maternal body mass index (BMI) during pregnancy and body composition in the young adult offspring.
Participants were the offspring from a birth cohort in Chiang Mai (Thailand). Maternal BMI was assessed at the first antenatal clinic visit (≤24 weeks of gestation) in 1989-1990. In 2010-2011, we followed up the offspring at approximately 20 years of age, assessing their body composition using whole-body dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Associations between maternal BMI and offspring body composition were explored using unadjusted and adjusted analyses.
We assessed 391 young adults (55% were females). Higher maternal BMI was associated with increased offspring fat mass and lean mass. In adjusted analyses, offspring of mothers with overweight/obesity exhibited total body fat percentages 1.5 (95% CI 0.1, 2.9; = 0.032) and 2.3 (95% CI 0.2, 4.5; = 0.036) percentage points higher than offspring of normal-weight and underweight mothers, respectively. Fat mass index was similarly higher: 0.9 kg/m (95% CI 0.3, 1.5 kg/m; = 0.002) and 1.4 kg/m (95% CI 0.5, 2.3 kg/m; = 0.002), respectively. However, no differences in visceral adiposity were detected.
Higher maternal BMI during pregnancy was associated with increased adiposity in young adult offspring. Our findings suggest that the cross-generational transmission of maternal obesity-related traits is associated with increased offspring adiposity in the long term.
母体肥胖与巨大儿出生和儿童肥胖的风险增加有关。然而，其与长期后代身体成分潜在关联的证据仍然有限。这项前瞻性队列研究检查了妊娠期间母体体重指数（BMI）与年轻成年后代身体成分之间的关联。
参与者是来自泰国清迈出生队列的后代。1989-1990 年，在第一次产前检查时（妊娠≤24 周）评估了母亲的 BMI。2010-2011 年，我们在大约 20 岁时对后代进行了随访，使用全身双能 X 射线吸收法（DXA）扫描评估他们的身体成分。使用未调整和调整分析探索了母体 BMI 与后代身体成分之间的关联。
我们评估了 391 名年轻成年人（55%为女性）。较高的母体 BMI 与后代脂肪量和瘦体重增加有关。在调整分析中，超重/肥胖母亲的后代总身体脂肪百分比比正常体重和体重不足母亲的后代分别高出 1.5（95%CI 0.1, 2.9； = 0.032）和 2.3（95%CI 0.2, 4.5； = 0.036）个百分点。脂肪质量指数也更高：0.9 kg/m（95%CI 0.3, 1.5 kg/m； = 0.002）和 1.4 kg/m（95%CI 0.5, 2.3 kg/m； = 0.002），分别。然而，没有检测到内脏脂肪的差异。
妊娠期间较高的母体 BMI 与年轻成年后代的肥胖程度增加有关。我们的研究结果表明，母体肥胖相关特征的跨代传递与长期后代肥胖有关。
