Yun Hezhang, Lu Bin, Su Wenbo, Wang Junjie, Zheng Jing, Wang Jing, Wang Zhaolong, Li Yi, Sun Yaowei, Liu Chang
The Public Sports Department of the School, Zhejiang Guangsha Vocational and Technical University of Construction, Dongyang, China.
School of Sport Science, Beijing Sport University, Beijing, China.
Front Nutr. 2024 Mar 13;11:1335950. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1335950. eCollection 2024.
This study examined the synergistic effects of combining (RHO) and caffeine (CAF) supplementation on muscle endurance and explosiveness in SD rats and human subjects, encompassing individuals without prior exercise training experience and seasoned aerobic athletes. Male SD rats and healthy human volunteers were randomly divided into four groups: CAF, RHO, CAF + RHO, and a control group (CTR). Nutritional supplements were administered throughout the training period, and pre-and post-measurement data were collected. In both the rat model and human subjects, the RHO+CAF group demonstrated significantly greater effects compared to the use of RHO or CAF supplements individually. Rats in the RHO+CAF group demonstrated extended running and swimming times and an increase in erythropoietin (EPO) mRNA expression in comparison to the CTR. Blood parameters, such as serum EPO levels, were enhanced in the CAF + RHO group, while blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and lactate (LA) levels significantly decreased in both the RHO and CAF + RHO groups. Hepatic and muscle glycogen contents were also higher in these groups. The gene expression analysis in rats demonstrated an elevation in the mRNA levels of glucose transporter-4 (GLUT-4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ coactivator-1 alpha (PGC-1α), Monocarboxylate transporter 1 (MCT-1), and Heme Oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in both the RHO and RHO+CAF groups. For individuals without prior aerobic training experience, the RHO+CAF group showed significant improvements compared to the CTR group in maximal oxygen consumption (VOmax), 5 km run, countermovement jump (CMJ), standing long jump, and 30 m sprint. For individuals with years of aerobic training experience, the RHO+CAF group exhibited enhanced performance in the 5 km run, CMJ, and standing long jump compared to the CTR group. In conclusion, the continuous 30 days supplementation of RHO, combined with a single dose of CAF, demonstrated superior effects on muscle endurance and explosiveness in both animal and human studies when compared to the use of RHO or CAF individually.
本研究考察了补充红景天（RHO）和咖啡因（CAF）对SD大鼠和人类受试者肌肉耐力及爆发力的协同作用，研究对象包括无运动训练经验的个体和经验丰富的有氧运动员。雄性SD大鼠和健康人类志愿者被随机分为四组：CAF组、RHO组、CAF + RHO组和对照组（CTR）。在整个训练期间给予营养补充剂，并收集测量前后的数据。在大鼠模型和人类受试者中，与单独使用RHO或CAF补充剂相比，RHO + CAF组显示出显著更大的效果。与CTR组相比，RHO + CAF组的大鼠跑步和游泳时间延长，促红细胞生成素（EPO）mRNA表达增加。CAF + RHO组的血液参数如血清EPO水平有所提高，而RHO组和CAF + RHO组的血尿素氮（BUN）和乳酸（LA）水平显著降低。这些组的肝脏和肌肉糖原含量也更高。大鼠的基因表达分析表明，RHO组和RHO + CAF组中葡萄糖转运蛋白4（GLUT - 4）、过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ共激活因子1α（PGC - 1α）、单羧酸转运蛋白1（MCT - 1）和血红素加氧酶-1（HO - 1）的mRNA水平升高。对于无有氧训练经验的个体，与CTR组相比，RHO + CAF组在最大耗氧量（VOmax）、5公里跑、反向运动跳（CMJ）、立定跳远和30米短跑方面有显著改善。对于有多年有氧训练经验的个体，与CTR组相比，RHO + CAF组在5公里跑、CMJ和立定跳远方面表现出更好的成绩。总之，与单独使用RHO或CAF相比，连续30天补充RHO并联合单剂量CAF在动物和人体研究中对肌肉耐力和爆发力均显示出更优的效果。
