Department of Mental Health, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education and Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2024 May 1;258:111264. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2024.111264. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
Cigarettes are frequently co-used with alcohol and cannabis. However, definitions of co-use vary and the extent to which cigarette use changes on days with different patterns of co-use is unclear. We compared the number of cigarettes smoked on different days based on co-use patterns of cigarettes and alcohol or cannabis.
This study analyzed 2408 smoking days collected in a 30-day smartphone-based daily diary study among 146 young adults (aged 18-26) with an oversample from sexual minority groups. Two separate multilevel models were estimated: one for cigarette and alcohol co-use and the other for cigarette and cannabis co-use. Both models examined day-level associations between the number of cigarettes smoked and 3 different types of days (smoking-only days, same-occasion co-use days, different-occasion co-use days), controlling for demographic characteristics.
More cigarettes were smoked on same-occasion co-use days compared to cigarette-smoking-only days for both alcohol (b=1.474, SE=0.136, t=10.8, p<.001) and cannabis (b=0.822, SE=0.209, t=3.9, p<.001). There were no significant differences in cigarettes smoked on days with co-use on the same day, but on different occasions, compared to days with smoking only.
Compared to days with cigarette smoking only, more cigarettes are smoked on days when cigarettes are co-used with alcohol or cannabis on the same occasion, while the same is not true for days with co-use on different occasions. Conflating different definitions of co-use may impact findings on associations between co-use and smoking behavior.
香烟经常与酒精和大麻一起使用。然而，共同使用的定义各不相同，不同共同使用模式下香烟使用量的变化程度尚不清楚。我们根据香烟与酒精或大麻的共同使用模式比较了不同日子的吸烟量。
这项研究分析了在一项基于智能手机的 30 天日常日记研究中，从性少数群体中抽取的 146 名 18-26 岁的年轻人在 2408 个吸烟日中收集的数据。估计了两个单独的多层模型：一个用于香烟和酒精的共同使用，另一个用于香烟和大麻的共同使用。这两个模型都考察了在吸烟量方面，每天吸烟量与三种不同类型的日子（仅吸烟日、同一场合共同使用日、不同场合共同使用日）之间的关系，同时控制了人口统计学特征。
与仅吸烟日相比，酒精（b=1.474，SE=0.136，t=10.8，p<.001）和大麻（b=0.822，SE=0.209，t=3.9，p<.001）的同一场合共同使用日吸烟量更多。在同一天但不同场合的共同使用日与仅吸烟日相比，吸烟量没有显著差异。
与仅吸烟日相比，在同一场合同时使用香烟与酒精或大麻时，吸烟量更多，而在不同场合同时使用时则不然。对共同使用的不同定义进行混淆可能会影响共同使用与吸烟行为之间关联的发现。
