Panagiotopoulos Alexandros, Fragoulis George E, Arida Aikaterini, Bournia Vassiliki-Kalliopi, Evangelatos Gerasimos, Fragkiadaki Kalliopi, Kravvariti Evrydiki, Laskari Katerina, Mylona Maria, Michalakeas Nikolaos, Papazoglou Nikolaos, Pappa Maria, Poulia Vassiliki, Panopoulos Stylianos, Ziarangali Sevastiani, Papatheodorou Vasileios, Tektonidou Maria G, Sfikakis Petros P
Department of Propaedeutic Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Joint Academic Rheumatology Program, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Mikras Asias 75 Str, Athens, Greece.
Rheumatol Int. 2024 Sep;44(9):1733-1737. doi: 10.1007/s00296-024-05573-w. Epub 2024 Mar 29.
Data on COVID-19 re-infections in patients with systemic rheumatic diseases (SRDs) are lacking. We aimed to describe the course and outcomes of COVID-19 re-infections in these patients versus controls. In this single-center retrospective study, we included 167 consecutive SRD patients with at least one COVID-19 re-infection (mean age 47.3 years, females 70.7%). SRD patients were compared in terms of patient-perceived COVID-19 re-infection severity and hospitalizations/deaths with 167 age/sex-matched non-SRD controls. Logistic regression analysis was performed to assess potential milder re-infection versus primary infection severity, adjusting for study group, demographics (age, sex), vaccination status, body mass index, smoking, and comorbidities. 23 and 7 out of 167 re-infected SRD patients experienced two and three re-infections, respectively, which were comparable to the re-infection rates in controls (two: 32; and three: 2) who also had comparable COVID-19 vaccination history (89% and 95% vaccinated, respectively). In the initial infection, patients with SRDs were hospitalized (7.2% versus 1.8%, p = 0.017), and had received antiviral treatment (16.1% versus 4.7%, p < 0.001) more frequently than controls. However, hospitalizations (1.8% vs 0.6%) and antiviral treatment (7.8% vs 3.5%) did not differ (p > 0.05) between patients and controls at the first re-infection, as well as during the second and third re-infection; no deaths were recorded. Perceived severity of re-infections was also comparable between patients and controls (p = 0.847) and among those on biologic DMARDs or not (p = 0.482). In multivariable analysis, neither SRDs presence nor demographics or comorbidities were associated with COVID-19 re-infection severity. COVID-19 re-infection severity (patient-perceived/hospitalizations/deaths) did not differ between SRDs and controls.
关于系统性风湿性疾病（SRD）患者新冠病毒再次感染的数据尚缺。我们旨在描述这些患者与对照组相比新冠病毒再次感染的病程及结局。在这项单中心回顾性研究中，我们纳入了167例连续的至少有一次新冠病毒再次感染的SRD患者（平均年龄47.3岁，女性占70.7%）。将SRD患者在患者自我感知的新冠病毒再次感染严重程度以及住院/死亡情况方面与167例年龄/性别匹配的非SRD对照组进行比较。进行逻辑回归分析以评估再次感染与初次感染相比潜在的较轻严重程度，对研究组、人口统计学特征（年龄、性别）、疫苗接种状况、体重指数、吸烟情况和合并症进行校正。167例再次感染的SRD患者中，分别有23例和7例经历了两次和三次再次感染，这与对照组的再次感染率（两次：32例；三次：2例）相当，对照组也有类似的新冠病毒疫苗接种史（分别为89%和95%接种过疫苗）。在初次感染时，SRD患者住院比例（7.2% 对1.8%，p = 0.017）以及接受抗病毒治疗的比例（16.1% 对4.7%，p < 0.001）均高于对照组。然而，在首次再次感染以及第二次和第三次再次感染时，患者与对照组之间的住院比例（1.8% 对0.6%）和抗病毒治疗比例（7.8% 对3.5%）并无差异（p > 0.05）；未记录到死亡病例。患者与对照组之间以及使用生物性改善病情抗风湿药（DMARDs）与否的患者之间，自我感知的再次感染严重程度也相当（p = 0.847和p = 0.482）。在多变量分析中，SRD的存在、人口统计学特征或合并症均与新冠病毒再次感染严重程度无关。SRD患者与对照组之间的新冠病毒再次感染严重程度（患者自我感知/住院/死亡情况）并无差异。
