Department of Psychosocial Science, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5015, Norway.
Norwegian Competence Center for Gambling and Gaming Research, University of Bergen, Bergen, 5015, Norway.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Mar 28;24(1):234. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05694-3.
Although gaming problems are associated with poor mental health, few population-based studies have examined its association with self-harm and suicidality. This study investigates the association between gaming problems, non-suicidal self-harm and suicidality within the past year, stratified by sex among Norwegian full-time students.
Data derived from the Norwegian Students' Health and Wellbeing Study 2022 (N = 59,544). The respondents were categorized into non-gamers, recreational gamers, engaged gamers, problematic gamers, and addicted gamers based on the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents. Log-link binomial regression models, stratified by sex, adjusted for age, were used to estimate the risk ratio of non-suicidal self-harm (ideation and behavior) and suicidal behaviors (ideation and attempt) across different levels of gaming problems.
Among females, the risk of non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal ideation increased from non-gamer to problem gamer, with no differences between problem and addicted gamers. Among males, the risk of non-suicidal self-harm increased from non-gamers to engaged gamers, but no differences were observed between engaged, problematic, and addicted gamers. No sex × gaming category interaction was observed for suicide attempts. Engaged and addicted gamers had higher risks of suicide attempt than non-gamers and recreational gamers.
Gaming problems are associated with increased risk of non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal ideation among females. Among males, no differences were observed between engaged, problem and addicted gamers. The results highlight sex when studying health related outcomes and their association to level of gaming problems. Longitudinal studies are warranted to uncover the temporal mechanisms between IGD, non-suicidal self-harm and suicidality.
尽管游戏问题与心理健康状况不佳有关，但很少有基于人群的研究调查其与非自杀性自伤和自杀意念的关系。本研究在挪威全日制学生中，按性别分层，调查了游戏问题、非自杀性自伤与自杀意念之间的关系。
数据来自 2022 年挪威学生健康与幸福感研究（N=59544）。根据青少年游戏成瘾量表，将被试分为非游戏者、娱乐性游戏者、参与性游戏者、问题性游戏者和成瘾性游戏者。采用按性别分层的对数链接二项式回归模型，调整年龄因素，估计不同程度游戏问题与非自杀性自伤（意念和行为）和自杀行为（意念和尝试）的风险比。
在女性中，非自杀性自伤和自杀意念的风险从非游戏者到问题游戏者逐渐增加，而问题游戏者和成瘾游戏者之间没有差异。在男性中，非自杀性自伤的风险从非游戏者到参与性游戏者增加，但参与性、问题性和成瘾性游戏者之间没有差异。自杀尝试没有观察到性别与游戏类别之间的交互作用。参与性和成瘾性游戏者自杀尝试的风险高于非游戏者和娱乐性游戏者。
游戏问题与女性非自杀性自伤和自杀意念的风险增加有关。在男性中，参与性、问题性和成瘾性游戏者之间没有差异。研究结果强调了在研究与健康相关的结果及其与游戏问题程度的关系时应考虑性别因素。需要进行纵向研究，以揭示 IGD、非自杀性自伤和自杀意念之间的时间机制。
