Jeya Bharathi M, Anbarasu Mariyappillai, Ragu R, Subramanian E
Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Agricultural College and Research Institute, Tamil Nadu Agricultural University, Madurai 625104, Tamil Nadu, India.
School of Agriculture, Vels Institute of Science, Technology and Advanced Studies (VISTAS), Pallavaram -600117, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.
Saudi J Biol Sci. 2024 May;31(5):103978. doi: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2024.103978. Epub 2024 Mar 12.
To increase crop productivity, modern agricultural practices comprises fertilizers, algaecides, herbicides and fungicides.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of soil microbial population and soil enzyme activity by the use of fertilizer in maize and inorganic input in the rice ecosystem.
A field experiment (2021 to 2023) was carried out using synthetic fertilizer doses with maize crops followed by rice crops using inorganic inputs. Soil microbial population and enzyme activities were examined.
Maize field experiment revealed that the plots treated with 75 % Standardized Dose of Fertilizer (SDF) of NPK had the highest populations of diazotrophs (124 × 10cfu / g), Phosphobacteria (66.33 × 10cfu / g), and (0.409 × 10 MPN / g) than 100 % and 150 % SDF of NPK. The soil enzyme activity was higher in the unfertilized control plot than fertilized plot. These experimental results revealed that a low amount of fertilizer and no fertilizers favour the growth of soil microorganisms and soil enzyme activities, respectively. Followed by the rice field experiment, revealed that the soil microbial population was decreased by the application of inorganic inputs viz. fertilizer, algaecide, herbicide and fungicide. However, the maximum soil microbial population was found in algaecide application followed by herbicide and fungicide.
The field experiment concluded that soil microbial population and enzyme activity were affected by inorganic amendments. Less inorganic fertilizers and no fertilizers improve soil microbial activities and soil enzyme activities.
为提高作物产量，现代农业实践包括使用化肥、除藻剂、除草剂和杀菌剂。
本研究的目的是评估在玉米种植中使用肥料以及在水稻生态系统中使用无机投入物对土壤微生物种群和土壤酶活性的影响。
进行了一项田间试验（2021年至2023年），先对玉米作物使用合成肥料剂量，随后对水稻作物使用无机投入物。检测了土壤微生物种群和酶活性。
玉米田间试验表明，与100%和150%的NPK标准施肥量（SDF）相比，施用75% SDF的NPK处理地块的固氮菌数量最多（124×10cfu/g）、磷细菌数量最多（66.33×10cfu/g）以及[此处原文可能有误，暂无法准确翻译该部分]（0.409×10 MPN/g）。未施肥的对照地块的土壤酶活性高于施肥地块。这些实验结果表明，少量肥料和不施肥分别有利于土壤微生物的生长和土壤酶活性。随后的水稻田间试验表明，施用无机投入物（即肥料、除藻剂、除草剂和杀菌剂）会使土壤微生物种群减少。然而，发现施用除藻剂后土壤微生物种群最多，其次是除草剂和杀菌剂。
田间试验得出结论，无机改良剂会影响土壤微生物种群和酶活性。较少的无机肥料和不施肥可提高土壤微生物活性和土壤酶活性。
