Tan Linjie, Tang Haoling, Luo Hua, Chen Xiu, Zheng Zhong, Ruan Jianghai, Zhang Dechou
Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Laboratory of Neurological Diseases and Brain Function, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, China.
Front Neurol. 2024 Mar 14;15:1340959. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1340959. eCollection 2024.
We aimed to investigate the brain network activity during seizures in patients with untreated juvenile absence epilepsy.
Thirty-six juvenile absence epilepsy (JAE) patients with a current high frequency of seizures (more than five seizures during a 2 h EEG examination) were included. Each participant underwent a 2 h video EEG examination. Five 10 s EEG epochs for inter-ictal, pre-ictal, and post-ictal, and five 5 s EEG epochs for ictal states were extracted. Five 10 s resting-state EEG epochs for each participant from a sex- and age-matched healthy control (HC) were enrolled. The topological parameters of the brain networks were calculated using a graph theory analysis.
Compared with the resting state of the HC group, the global efficiency, local efficiency, and clustering coefficients of the JAE group decreased in the inter-ictal state. In addition, the ictal state showed significantly increased global and local efficiency and clustering coefficients ( < 0.05) and a decreased small-world index and the shortest path length ( < 0.05) in the theta and alpha bands, compared to the remaining states within the JAE group. Moreover, subgroup analysis revealed that those JAE patients with typical 3 Hz discharges had upgraded global efficiency, local efficiency, and clustering coefficients in both delta and beta1 bands, compared to those JAE patients with non-3 Hz discharges during seizures.
The present study supported the idea that the changes in the EEG brain networks in JAE patients are characterized by decreased global and local efficiency and clustering coefficient in the alpha band. Moreover, the onset of seizures is accompanied by excessively enhanced network efficiency. JAE patients with different ictal discharge patterns may have different functional network oscillations.
我们旨在研究未经治疗的青少年失神癫痫患者癫痫发作期间的脑网络活动。
纳入36例当前癫痫发作频率较高（在2小时脑电图检查期间发作超过5次）的青少年失神癫痫（JAE）患者。每位参与者均接受了2小时的视频脑电图检查。提取了发作间期、发作前期和发作后期的5个10秒脑电图片段，以及发作期的5个5秒脑电图片段。从性别和年龄匹配的健康对照（HC）中为每位参与者选取5个10秒的静息态脑电图片段。使用图论分析计算脑网络的拓扑参数。
与HC组的静息状态相比，JAE组在发作间期的全局效率、局部效率和聚类系数降低。此外，与JAE组内的其他状态相比，发作期在θ和α频段的全局和局部效率以及聚类系数显著增加（<0.05），小世界指数和最短路径长度降低（<0.05）。此外，亚组分析显示，与癫痫发作期间有非3Hz放电的JAE患者相比，有典型3Hz放电的JAE患者在δ和β1频段的全局效率、局部效率和聚类系数均有所提升。
本研究支持以下观点，即JAE患者脑电图脑网络的变化特征为α频段的全局和局部效率以及聚类系数降低。此外，癫痫发作的开始伴随着网络效率的过度增强。具有不同发作期放电模式的JAE患者可能具有不同的功能网络振荡。
