Section of Microbiology, Departement of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Yemen.
Departement of Medical Laboratory, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Queen Arwa University, Sana'a, Yemen.
Sci Rep. 2024 Mar 29;14(1):7536. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-58165-w.
The stool antigen test (SAT) and the serum Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) IgG antibody assays exhibit significant utility in the clinical diagnosis of H. pylori infection and in distinguishing between acute and chronic infections. The main objective of the current study was to identify the diagnostic value of serum H. pylori IgG antibody and SAT in the detection of H. pylori infections among chronic H. pylori-infected patients residing in Ibb Governorate, Yemen. 200 patients with H. pylori infection, confirmed through positive results in the serum immunochromatographic antibody test, were selected for H. pylori infection confirmation using serum H. pylori IgG antibodies and SAT across diverse hospitals, gastroenterology, and Hepatology clinics in Ibb Governorate. After the selection of patients, blood and stool specimens were obtained from all participants and underwent analysis via the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS). The prevalence of H. pylori infection demonstrated variability based on the confirmatory tests, with rates of 54% for SAT and 78.5% for serum H. pylori IgG antibody, contrasting with a 100% prevalence observed in the screening serum immunochromatographic antibody test. Clinically, the study categorized H. pylori infections into four stages, whereby a significant proportion of patients (40.5%) exhibited positivity for both serum H. pylori IgG antibody and SAT, indicative of active chronic infections. The majority of positive cases only manifested serum H. pylori IgG antibody presence (chronic infections) at 38%, whereas 13.5% exclusively tested positive for SAT, corresponding to acute infections. Moreover, 88% of patients did not have either serum H. pylori IgG antibody or SAT (absence of infections) during confirmatory tests. Noteworthy is the study's approach employing multiple tests for H. pylori infection detection, focusing predominantly on chronic infections-prevailing types caused by H. pylori. The results revealed a significant association between serum levels of H. pylori IgG antibody and SAT results with the presence of diverse gastrointestinal symptoms among patients, which increased with long H. pylori infection durations.
粪便抗原检测（SAT）和血清幽门螺杆菌（H. pylori）IgG 抗体检测在 H. pylori 感染的临床诊断以及区分急性和慢性感染方面具有重要作用。本研究的主要目的是确定血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体和 SAT 在也门伊卜省慢性 H. pylori 感染患者中检测 H. pylori 感染的诊断价值。选择 200 例 H. pylori 感染患者，通过血清免疫层析抗体试验阳性结果确认 H. pylori 感染，在伊卜省不同医院、胃肠病学和肝病学诊所使用血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体和 SAT 对 H. pylori 感染进行确认。在选择患者后，从所有参与者中采集血液和粪便标本，并通过社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）进行分析。根据确认试验，H. pylori 感染的患病率存在差异，SAT 的患病率为 54%，血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体的患病率为 78.5%，而筛查血清免疫层析抗体试验的患病率为 100%。临床上，该研究将 H. pylori 感染分为四个阶段，其中相当一部分患者（40.5%）SAT 和血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体均呈阳性，表明为活动性慢性感染。大多数阳性病例仅表现为血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体存在（慢性感染），占 38%，而 13.5%仅 SAT 检测呈阳性，对应急性感染。此外，88%的患者在确认性试验中既没有血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体也没有 SAT（无感染）。值得注意的是，该研究采用了多种 H. pylori 感染检测方法，主要侧重于慢性感染-由 H. pylori 引起的主要流行类型。结果显示，血清 H. pylori IgG 抗体水平与 SAT 结果与患者中不同胃肠道症状之间存在显著相关性，这些症状随着 H. pylori 感染时间的延长而增加。
