Group Relations Practitioner, Consultant and Coach in Private Practice, and retired Associate Professor, Department of Counseling and School Psychology, Long Island University, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Department of Counseling Psychology, University of San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Int Rev Psychiatry. 2024 Feb-Mar;36(1-2):180-191. doi: 10.1080/09540261.2023.2248264. Epub 2023 Aug 22.
In recent years the historical subject base in psychobiography has expanded from a traditional focus on White (Caucasian) subjects to a broader more culturally inclusive population of significant personalities throughout history. A critical component of strong multicultural psychobiography is the inclusion of anchoring theories of psychology that are rooted in socio-cultural-political context. To psychologically profile culturally diverse individuals with only traditional Western theories of psychology and psychiatry (e.g. medical models, psychodynamic, existential, cognitive-behavioral) limits the ability of the research to accurately capture the (lived experience) of extraordinary individuals in proper cultural context. This article reviews specific psychological theories that have recently set a foundation for more nuanced and culturally contextualised psychological profiles of historic personalities who represent diverse racial/ethnic/cultural backgrounds. Among the theories covered are the (IAPP), an (Native American) model of psychobiography, as well as theories and models on (Black racial identity development), , (PCI), (QBRID), and , among others. Examples of applications of these culture-centered theories to psychobiography, drawn from the present authors recently completed psychobiographies, as well as from other researchers internationally, are presented.
近年来，心理传记学的历史主题基础已经从传统的关注白种人（高加索人）扩展到历史上更广泛、更具文化包容性的重要人物群体。强有力的多元文化心理传记学的一个关键组成部分是纳入根植于社会文化政治背景的心理学锚固理论。仅使用传统的西方心理学和精神病学理论（例如医学模型、心理动力学、存在主义、认知行为）来对文化多样化的个体进行心理分析，限制了研究准确捕捉具有特殊文化背景的非凡个体的（生活经历）的能力。本文回顾了最近为具有不同种族/民族/文化背景的历史人物的更细致入微和文化背景化的心理分析奠定基础的特定心理理论。涵盖的理论包括（IAPP），一种（北美印第安人）心理传记学模型，以及关于（黑人种族认同发展）、（PCI）、（QBRID）和（PCI）等的理论和模型。从本研究作者最近完成的心理传记学以及国际上其他研究人员的心理传记学中，介绍了这些以文化为中心的理论在心理传记学中的应用实例。
