Department of Minimally invasive spine surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
Reproductive Medicine Center, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524001, China.
Phys Life Rev. 2024 Jul;49:77-94. doi: 10.1016/j.plrev.2024.03.011. Epub 2024 Mar 26.
Mechanical stress stands as a fundamental factor in the intricate processes governing the growth, development, morphological shaping, and maintenance of skeletal mass. The profound influence of stress in shaping the skeletal framework prompts the assertion that stress essentially births the skeleton. Despite this acknowledgment, the mechanisms by which the skeleton perceives and responds to mechanical stress remain enigmatic. In this comprehensive review, our scrutiny focuses on the structural composition and characteristics of sclerotin, leading us to posit that it serves as the primary structure within the skeleton responsible for bearing and perceiving mechanical stress. Furthermore, we propose that osteocytes within the sclerotin emerge as the principal mechanical-sensitive cells, finely attuned to perceive mechanical stress. And a detailed analysis was conducted on the possible transmission pathways of mechanical stress from the extracellular matrix to the nucleus.
机械应力是控制骨骼生长、发育、形态形成和维持的复杂过程中的一个基本因素。应力在塑造骨骼结构方面的深远影响促使人们断言，应力实质上塑造了骨骼。尽管有这样的认识，但骨骼感知和对机械应力做出反应的机制仍然是个谜。在这篇全面的综述中，我们的研究重点是硬骨的结构组成和特性，我们认为硬骨是骨骼中负责承受和感知机械应力的主要结构。此外，我们提出，硬骨中的骨细胞是主要的机械敏感细胞，能够精细地感知机械应力。并对机械应力从细胞外基质到细胞核的可能传递途径进行了详细分析。
