为明天注入活力：释放螺旋藻在优化发动机性能和减少排放方面的潜力。

Energizing tomorrow: unleashing spirulina's potential in engine performance optimization and emission reduction.

作者信息

Garg Jaanvi, Mohite Avadhoot Abaso, Sharma Prabhakar, Barik Debabrata, Medhi Bhaskar Jyoti, Deka Hiranya, Bora Bhaskor Jyoti

机构信息

Energy Institute Bangalore, A Centre of Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Petroleum Technology, Bengaluru, Karnataka, 562157, India.

Department of Mechanical Engineering, Delhi Skill and Entrepreneurship University, Delhi, 110089, India.

出版信息

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Apr 2. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33011-8.

DOI:10.1007/s11356-024-33011-8

PMID:38565819

Abstract

Dwindling of fossil fuels and the global climate change has prompted civilization to look into alternate energy sources. This has led to explore inexhaustible and sustainable resources in the domain of renewable energy. Among all sources renewable energy, biofuel produced from biomass has great prospect for energy security as well as environmental safety over fossil fuels. The present work tries to explore the performance attributes and emission characteristics of a CI engine utilizing spirulina microalgae biodiesel blend comprising of 20% algae biodiesel blended with 80% diesel. This blend is tested in a diesel engine at varying engine load conditions of 20%, 40%, 60%, 80%, and 100% at variable injection timing of 20°, 23°, 25°, and 28° bTDC, respectively at compression ratio of 18. Based on experimental results, the peak brake thermal efficiency for injection timing of 20°, 23°, 25°, and 28° bTDC at 100% engine load were observed to be 26.79%, 23.77%, 24.77%, and 25.09%, respectively for the biodiesel blend in comparison to 27.76% of diesel mode whereas the emissions levels were found to minimum at 20° bTDC. On the part of emission, the average drop in CO emissions for injection timing of 20°, 23°, 25°, and 28° bTDC were found to be 53.46%, 43.71%, 44.34%, and 50.31%, respectively for biodiesel blend as compared to diesel mode. For the same setting, in comparison diesel mode, the average fall in HC emissions were found to be 42.32%, 34.13%, 30.37%, and 37.54%, respectively, and the rise of NOx emissions were found to be 8.06%, 5.55%, 3.51%, and 3.04%, respectively. Response surface methodology was applied for optimization of operating parameters of the algae biodiesel blend run diesel engine. The desirability based study revealed that at 85.19% engine load and injection timing of 20° bTDC were optimal operation settings which resulted in engine performance of 25.44% brake thermal efficiency. The emission level at this setting was observed to be reduced to 27.68 ppm CO, 1.60% CO, 24.65 ppm HC, and 182.15 ppm NOx.

摘要

化石燃料的减少和全球气候变化促使人类文明探寻替代能源。这引发了对可再生能源领域中取之不尽且可持续资源的探索。在所有可再生能源中，由生物质生产的生物燃料在能源安全以及相对于化石燃料的环境安全性方面具有巨大前景。当前的工作试图探究一台使用螺旋藻微藻生物柴油混合物（由20%藻类生物柴油与80%柴油混合而成）的压燃式发动机的性能属性和排放特性。这种混合物在一台柴油发动机中，于20%、40%、60%、80%和100%的不同发动机负载条件下进行测试，喷油定时分别为上止点前20°、23°、25°和28°，压缩比为18。基于实验结果，在100%发动机负载下，对于生物柴油混合物，喷油定时为上止点前20°、23°、25°和28°时的峰值制动热效率分别观测为26.79%、23.77%、24.77%和25.09%，而柴油模式下为27.76%；然而，排放水平在喷油定时为上止点前20°时最低。在排放方面，与柴油模式相比，对于生物柴油混合物，喷油定时为上止点前20°、23°、25°和28°时，一氧化碳排放的平均降幅分别为53.46%、43.71%、44.34%和50.31%。在相同设置下，与柴油模式相比，碳氢化合物排放的平均降幅分别为42.32%、34.13%、30.37%和37.54%，氮氧化物排放的增幅分别为8.06%、5.55%、3.51%和3.04%。应用响应面方法对藻类生物柴油混合物运行的柴油发动机的运行参数进行优化。基于期望度的研究表明，在发动机负载为85.19%且喷油定时为上止点前20°时是最佳运行设置，此时发动机性能为制动热效率25.44%。在该设置下观测到的排放水平降低至一氧化碳27.68 ppm、二氧化碳1.60%、碳氢化合物24.65 ppm和氮氧化物182.15 ppm。