Asiri Saeed Ahmed, Shabnam Madeeha, Zafar Rehman, Alshehri Osama M, Alshehri Mohammed Ali, Sadiq Abdul, Mahnashi Mater H, Jan Muhammad Saeed
Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medical Sciences, Najran University, Najran, Saudi Arabia.
Department of Chemistry, Women University, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
Front Chem. 2024 Mar 19;12:1351827. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2024.1351827. eCollection 2024.
Reichb was analyzed in this research, including its chemical composition and its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, acute oral toxicity, and antinociceptive activity. The chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions were found to be the most powerful based on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and analgesic assays. The acute oral toxicity of the crude methanolic extract was determined before studies. The acetic acid and formalin tests were used to measure the antinociceptive effect, and the potential mechanisms involved in antinociception were explored. The carrageenan-induced paw edema test was used to examine the immediate anti-inflammatory effect, and many phlogistic agents were used to determine the specific mechanism. Furthermore, for activities, the mice were sacrificed, the forebrain was isolated, and the antioxidant levels of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and catalase (CAT) were estimated using a UV spectrophotometer. No toxicity was seen at oral dosages up to 3,000 mg/kg. The antinociceptive impact was much higher than the standard drug. Both the inflammatory and neurogenic phases of the formalin experiment revealed an analgesic effect in the chloroform and ethyl acetate fractions. In carrageenan anti-inflammatory assays, the chloroform fraction (Ha.Chf) was the most potent fraction. We further studied the GC-MS of crude plant extract and found a total of 18 compounds. In the anti-inflammatory mechanism, it was observed that the Ha.Chf inhibits the COX-2 as well as 5-LOX pathways. The results exhibited that this species is a good source of phytocomponents like germacrone, which can be employed as a sustainable and natural therapeutic agent, supporting its traditional use in folk medicine for inflammatory conditions and pain.
本研究对Reichb进行了分析，包括其化学成分以及抗氧化、抗炎、急性口服毒性和抗伤害感受活性。基于抗氧化、抗炎和镇痛试验，发现氯仿和乙酸乙酯馏分活性最强。在进行研究之前，先测定了粗甲醇提取物的急性口服毒性。采用醋酸和福尔马林试验来测量抗伤害感受作用，并探究了抗伤害感受所涉及的潜在机制。用角叉菜胶诱导的爪肿胀试验来检测即时抗炎作用，并使用多种炎症介质来确定具体机制。此外，对于各项活性，处死小鼠，分离出前脑，用紫外分光光度计测定谷胱甘肽（GSH）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质（TBARS）和过氧化氢酶（CAT）的抗氧化水平。口服剂量高达3000mg/kg时未观察到毒性。抗伤害感受作用比标准药物高得多。福尔马林试验的炎症期和神经源性期均显示氯仿和乙酸乙酯馏分具有镇痛作用。在角叉菜胶抗炎试验中，氯仿馏分（Ha.Chf）是最有效的馏分。我们进一步研究了粗植物提取物的气相色谱-质谱联用（GC-MS），共发现18种化合物。在抗炎机制方面，观察到Ha.Chf抑制COX-2以及5-脂氧合酶（5-LOX）途径。结果表明，该物种是莪术酮等植物成分的良好来源，可用作可持续的天然治疗剂，支持其在民间医学中用于治疗炎症和疼痛的传统用途。
