Department for Plant Physiology at the Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", - National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11108, Serbia.
Department of Entomology and Agricultural Zoology, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Belgrade, Nemanjina 6, Belgrade, 11080, Serbia.
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Apr 4;24(1):243. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-04946-4.
Carrot is an important vegetable crop grown worldwide. The major economic problem in carrot cultivation is yellow disease caused by Bactericera trigonica, which induces biotic stress and has the greatest impact on crop productivity. Comprehensive studies on the mechanism of carrot defense response to biotic stress caused by B. trigonica infestation have yet to be conducted.
The changes in photosynthetic pigments, proline, TPC, HO and MDA content, DPPH radical scavenging ability, and antioxidant enzyme activity of SOD, CAT, and POX in carrot leaves in response to insect sex (female and male), rapid response (during the first six hours), and long-term response to B. trigonica infestation were evaluated.
The results of our study strongly suggest that B. trigonica infestation causes significant changes in primary and secondary metabolism and oxidative status of carrot leaves. Photosynthetic pigment content, TPC, and DPPH and CAT activities were significantly reduced in carrot leaves in response to insect infestation. On the other hand, proline, HO content, and the activity of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were increased in carrot leaves after B. trigonica infestation. The results indicate that B. trigonica attenuates and delays the oxidative stress responses of carrot, allowing long-term feeding without visible changes in the plant. Carrot responded to long-term B. trigonica infestation with an increase in SOD and POX activity, suggesting that these enzymes may play a key role in plant defense mechanisms.
This is the first comprehensive study strongly suggesting that B. trigonica infestation causes significant changes in primary and secondary metabolism and an attenuated ROS defense response in carrot leaves that enables long-term insect feeding. The information provides new insights into the mechanisms of carrot protection against B. trigonica infestation.
胡萝卜是一种在世界范围内广泛种植的重要蔬菜作物。胡萝卜种植的主要经济问题是由桃蚜引起的黄萎病，它会导致生物胁迫，对作物生产力的影响最大。胡萝卜对桃蚜侵害引起的生物胁迫的防御反应机制的综合研究尚未进行。
评估了胡萝卜叶片对昆虫性别（雌、雄）、快速响应（前六小时）和长期桃蚜侵害的光合作用色素、脯氨酸、TPC、HO 和 MDA 含量、DPPH 自由基清除能力以及抗氧化酶 SOD、CAT 和 POX 的活性的变化。
我们的研究结果强烈表明，桃蚜侵害会导致胡萝卜叶片的初级和次级代谢以及氧化状态发生显著变化。在受到昆虫侵害时，胡萝卜叶片中的光合色素含量、TPC、DPPH 和 CAT 活性显著降低。另一方面，在受到桃蚜侵害后，胡萝卜叶片中的脯氨酸、HO 含量和抗氧化酶超氧化物歧化酶和过氧化物酶的活性增加。结果表明，桃蚜减轻并延迟了胡萝卜的氧化应激反应，使昆虫能够长期取食而植物没有明显变化。胡萝卜对长期桃蚜侵害的反应是 SOD 和 POX 活性的增加，表明这些酶可能在植物防御机制中发挥关键作用。
这是第一项强烈表明桃蚜侵害会导致胡萝卜叶片的初级和次级代谢以及减弱的 ROS 防御反应发生显著变化，从而使昆虫能够长期取食的综合研究。该信息为胡萝卜对桃蚜侵害的保护机制提供了新的见解。
