Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain.
University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 20;12:1339860. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1339860. eCollection 2024.
Physical activity (PA) is beneficial for the overall health. Objectives are: (1) To compare metabolic (MRM) and cardiovascular-risk-markers (CRM) in children according to their PA-level; (2) to explore the associations of MRM and CRM with PA and sedentary time (ST); and (3) to identify the associations between MRM and CRM in less (LA) and more active (MA) children.
A total of 238 apparently healthy school-aged children were enrolled (132 boys/106 girls; 9.1 ± 1.8 years) and body mass index standard deviation score (BMI SDS) and blood pressure were assessed. Fasting venous blood sampling was performed to assess insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and high-sensitivity-C-reactive protein (hsCRP). Epicardial fat, interventricular septal and left ventricular posterior wall thicknesses were assessed by high-resolution ultrasonography. PA and ST were assessed by enKid-questionnaire. Children were classified based on enKid-score as being LA and MA (below and above 50th percentile for PA).
MA-children had lower values for: BMI SDS, diastolic-to-systolic blood pressure ratio, HOMA-IR and hsCRP (7.02 to 61.5% lower, = 0.040 to < 0.0001) compared to LA-children. MRM and CRM were positively associated with ST ( = 0.003 to < 0.001), and negatively associated with PA ( = 0.044 to < 0.001). Finally, MRM were positively associated with CRM ( = 0.008 to < 0.0001). Interestingly, the latter associations were observed in LA-children but were not present in MA-children.
More PA is associated with better cardio-metabolic profile in school-aged children. PA seems to modulate the associations between MRM and CRM, thus reinforcing the idea that fostering PA in children may lower the risk for development of a cardio-metabolic disease.
身体活动（PA）对整体健康有益。目的是：（1）根据 PA 水平比较儿童的代谢（MRM）和心血管风险标志物（CRM）；（2）探索 MRM 和 CRM 与 PA 和久坐时间（ST）的关系；（3）确定较少（LA）和较多（MA）活动儿童的 MRM 和 CRM 之间的关系。
共纳入 238 名明显健康的学龄儿童（男 132 名/女 106 名；9.1±1.8 岁），评估体重指数标准差评分（BMI SDS）和血压。进行空腹静脉采血以评估胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）。通过高分辨率超声评估心外膜脂肪、室间隔和左心室后壁厚度。通过 enKid-questionnaire 评估 PA 和 ST。根据 enKid 评分，儿童被分为 LA 和 MA（PA 低于和高于第 50 百分位）。
与 LA 儿童相比，MA 儿童的 BMI SDS、舒张压与收缩压比值、HOMA-IR 和 hsCRP 降低（7.02%至 61.5%， = 0.040 至 < 0.0001）。MRM 和 CRM 与 ST 呈正相关（ = 0.003 至 < 0.001），与 PA 呈负相关（ = 0.044 至 < 0.001）。最后，MRM 与 CRM 呈正相关（ = 0.008 至 < 0.0001）。有趣的是，这些关联仅在 LA 儿童中观察到，而在 MA 儿童中则没有观察到。
在学龄儿童中，更多的 PA 与更好的心脏代谢特征相关。PA 似乎调节了 MRM 和 CRM 之间的关系，因此加强了在儿童中促进 PA 可能降低患心脏代谢疾病风险的观点。
