埃塞俄比亚学龄前和学龄儿童土壤传播性蠕虫感染的流行情况：系统评价和荟萃分析。

Prevalence of soil-transmitted helminths infections among preschool and school-age children in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

机构信息

Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, College Health Sciences, Black Lion Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Department of Parasitology, School of Medical Laboratory Sciences, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia.

出版信息

Glob Health Res Policy. 2022 Mar 21;7(1):9. doi: 10.1186/s41256-022-00239-1.

BACKGROUND

There is a lack of comprehensive national data on prevalence, geographical distribution of different species, and temporal trends in soil-helminthiasis (STHs). Therefore, this study aimed to provide a summary and location of the available data on STHs infection among preschool and school-age children in Ethiopia.

METHODS

The search was carried out in Medline via PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar on data published between 1997 to February 2020 for studies describing the rate of STHs infection among preschool and school-age in Ethiopian. We followed the Patient, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) approach to identify the studies. Meta-regression was performed to understand the trends and to summarize the prevalence using the "metaprop" command using STATA software version 14.0 RESULTS: A total of 29,311 of the 61,690 children examined during the period under review were infected with one or more species of intestinal parasites yielding an overall prevalence of 48% (95% CI: 43-53%). The overall pooled estimate of STHs was 33% (95% CI: 28-38%). The prevalence was 44% (95% CI: 31-58%) in SNNPR, 34% (95% CI: 28-41%) in Amhara region, 31% (95% CI: 19-43%) in Oromia region and 10% (95% CI: 7-12%) in Tigray region. Soil-transmitted helminths infection rate has been decreasing from 44% (95% CI: 30-57%) pre-Mass Drug Administration (MDA) era (1997-2012) to 30% (95% CI: 25-34%) post-MDA (2013-2020), although statistically not significant (p = 0.45). A lumbricoides was the predominant species with a prevalence of 17%.

CONCLUSION

Southern Nations Nationalities and Peoples Region, Amhara, and Oromia regions carry the highest-burden and are categorized to Moderate Risk Zones (MRZ) and therefore, requiring MDA once annually with Albendazole or Mebendazole. The prevalence of STHs decreased after MDA compared to before MDA, but the decline was not statistically significant. A. lumbricoides was the predominant species of STHs among preschool and school-age children in Ethiopia. The high prevalence of STHs observed in this review, underscores the need for better control and prevention strategies in Ethiopia.

背景

目前缺乏关于土壤寄生虫病（STHs）的流行率、不同物种的地理分布以及时间趋势的全面国家数据。因此，本研究旨在提供埃塞俄比亚学龄前和学龄儿童 STHs 感染相关数据的总结和位置信息。

方法

通过 Medline 下的 PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct、Web of Science 和 Google Scholar 检索了 1997 年至 2020 年 2 月间发表的描述埃塞俄比亚学龄前和学龄儿童 STHs 感染率的研究。我们采用了“患者、干预、比较和结局（PICO）”方法来识别这些研究。采用 STATA 软件版本 14.0 中的“metaprop”命令进行荟萃回归，以了解趋势并汇总患病率。

结果

在所审查期间，共有 29311 名 61690 名儿童接受了检查，其中 1 名或更多种肠道寄生虫感染，总体感染率为 48%（95%CI：43-53%）。土壤传播性蠕虫的总体合并估计值为 33%（95%CI：28-38%）。在南苏丹民族州（SNNPR），STHs 的流行率为 44%（95%CI：31-58%），在阿姆哈拉地区为 34%（95%CI：28-41%），在奥罗米亚地区为 31%（95%CI：19-43%），在提格雷地区为 10%（95%CI：7-12%）。在药物管理前时代（1997-2012 年），土壤传播性蠕虫感染率为 44%（95%CI：30-57%），而在药物管理后时代（2013-2020 年），则下降至 30%（95%CI：25-34%），尽管统计学上无显著差异（p=0.45）。蛔虫是主要的物种，患病率为 17%。

结论

南部民族、民族和人民地区、阿姆哈拉和奥罗米亚地区的负担最重，被归类为中度风险区（MRZ），因此需要每年用阿苯达唑或甲苯达唑进行一次 MDA。与 MDA 前相比，MDA 后 STHs 的流行率下降，但统计学上无显著差异。在埃塞俄比亚的学龄前和学龄儿童中，蛔虫是 STHs 的主要物种。本研究中观察到的 STHs 高流行率强调了需要在埃塞俄比亚制定更好的控制和预防策略。