老年人功能性体能基准值：系统评价。

Functional fitness benchmark values for older adults: a systematic review.

机构信息

Departamento de Ciencias de la Actividad Física, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile.

Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain.

出版信息

Front Public Health. 2024 Mar 21;12:1335311. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335311. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.3389/fpubh.2024.1335311

PMID:38577282

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10993995/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

The use of normative values and/or standards of functional fitness in adults is relevant to overall health and well-being. The objectives of the study were: to identify the physical tests of the senior fitness test (SFT) that have been applied since its proposal and to describe the proposed percentiles according to age, sex and country.

METHODS

A systematic review study was conducted in the Pubmed and Scopus databases. As eligibility criteria, we considered the period from 1999 to 2022 that presented data on SFT test used in the population over 60 years of age and that described normative values through percentiles. MeSH were used as: (1) Physical fitness, Exercise test, Senior Fitness Test, Functional fitness, Cardiorespiratory fitness, (2) older adult, aged, (3) Reference standards, standards, standards of care. Boolean operators "AND" and "OR" were included. Data extracted from the selected studies included: year of publication, country, sample age, sample size, sample sex, fitness component.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Seven studies were identified in five countries (03 in China, 01 in Poland, 01 in Portugal, 01 in Spain and 01 in United States). The age range ranged from 60 to 103 years. The studies were conducted in both sexes. The study with the smallest sample size was by Chung et al. (China) with 944 participants and the largest number of participants was the study by Rikli and Jones in the United States with 7,183 participants. In general, no study was able to complete 100% (8 components) of the tests proposed in the SFT. Normative values were presented through percentile distribution (p10, p50 and p90) organized by age ranges. Males presented better performance in FPF tests than females in all tests. Since the first publication of the SFT until 2022, seven articles have been published in countries such as United States, China (three regional studies), Poland, Portugal and Spain. No study has published the complete battery with its eight components. The percentiles of functional fitness reflect decline with advancing age.

SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION

PROSPERO (CRD42023441294: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023441294).

摘要

引言

在成年人中使用规范值和/或功能健身标准与整体健康和幸福感相关。本研究的目的是：确定自提出以来高级体能测试（SFT）中应用的体能测试，并根据年龄、性别和国家描述建议的百分位数。

方法

在 Pubmed 和 Scopus 数据库中进行了系统评价研究。作为入选标准，我们考虑了 1999 年至 2022 年期间的数据，这些数据涉及 60 岁以上人群中使用 SFT 测试的情况，并通过百分位数描述了规范值。使用 MeSH 作为：（1）体能、运动试验、高级体能测试、功能体能、心肺适能，（2）老年人、年龄，（3）参考标准、标准、护理标准。包括布尔运算符“AND”和“OR”。从选定的研究中提取的数据包括：出版年份、国家、样本年龄、样本量、样本性别、体能成分。

结果和讨论

在五个国家（中国 03 项、波兰 01 项、葡萄牙 01 项、西班牙 01 项、美国 01 项）的七项研究中确定了七项研究。年龄范围从 60 岁到 103 岁。这些研究在两性中进行。样本量最小的研究是 Chung 等人（中国）的研究，共有 944 名参与者，最大的参与者是美国 Rikli 和 Jones 的研究，共有 7183 名参与者。一般来说，没有研究能够完成 SFT 提出的 8 项测试中的 100%（8 项）。规范值通过百分位分布（p10、p50 和 p90）按年龄范围呈现。在所有测试中，男性在 FPF 测试中的表现均优于女性。自 SFT 首次发表以来，直到 2022 年，美国、中国（三项区域研究）、波兰、葡萄牙和西班牙等国家发表了七篇文章。没有研究发表过完整的八组件电池。功能健身的百分位数反映了随着年龄的增长而下降。