Université de Montréal, QC, Montréal, Canada.
Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Apr 5;24(1):964. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-18460-7.
With increased attention to the importance of integrating the One Health approach into zoonotic disease surveillance and response, a greater understanding of the mechanisms to support effective communication and information sharing across animal and human health sectors is needed. The objectives of this qualitative case study were to describe the communication channels used between human and animal health stakeholders and to identify the elements that have enabled the integration of the One Health approach.
We combined documentary research with interviews with fifteen stakeholders to map the communication channels used in human and swine influenza surveillance in Alberta, Canada, as well as in the response to a human case of H1N2v in 2020. A thematic analysis of the interviews was also used to identify the barriers and facilitators to communication among stakeholders from the animal and human health sectors.
When a human case of swine influenza emerged, the response led by the provincial Chief Medical Officer of Health involved players at various levels of government and in the human and animal health sectors. The collaboration of public and animal health laboratories and of the swine sector, in addition to the information available through the surveillance systems in place, was swift and effective. Elements identified as enabling smooth communication between the human and animal health systems included preexisting relationships between the various stakeholders, a relationship of trust between them (e.g., the swine sector and their perception of government structures), the presence of stakeholders acting as permanent liaisons between the ministries of health and agriculture, and stakeholders' understanding of the importance of the One Health approach.
Information flows through formal and informal channels and both structural and relational features that can support rapid and effective communication in infectious disease surveillance and outbreak response.
随着人们越来越关注将“同一健康”方法纳入人畜共患病监测和应对工作的重要性，需要更好地了解支持动物和人类健康部门之间进行有效沟通和信息共享的机制。本定性案例研究的目的是描述人类和动物卫生利益相关者之间使用的沟通渠道，并确定促成“同一健康”方法整合的要素。
我们结合文献研究和对 15 名利益相关者的访谈，绘制了加拿大艾伯塔省人类和猪流感监测以及 2020 年人类感染 H1N2v 病例应对中使用的沟通渠道，并对访谈进行了主题分析，以确定动物和人类卫生部门利益相关者之间沟通的障碍和促进因素。
当出现人类猪流感病例时，由省级首席医疗官领导的应对措施涉及各级政府以及人类和动物卫生部门的参与者。公共和动物卫生实验室以及养猪业的协作，加上现有的监测系统提供的信息，迅速而有效地发挥了作用。被确定为促进人类和动物卫生系统之间顺利沟通的要素包括各利益相关者之间预先存在的关系、他们之间的信任关系（例如，养猪业及其对政府结构的看法）、作为卫生部和农业部之间永久联络人的利益相关者的存在，以及利益相关者对“同一健康”方法的重要性的理解。
信息通过正式和非正式渠道以及结构和关系特征流动，这些渠道和特征可以支持传染病监测和疫情应对中的快速和有效沟通。
