Mardell Lydia C, Spedden Meaghan E, O'Neill George C, Tierney Tim M, Timms Ryan C, Zich Catharina, Barnes Gareth R, Bestmann Sven
Department of Clinical and Movement Neurosciences, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3BG, UK.
Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Department of Imaging Neuroscience, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, University College London, WC1N 3AR, UK.
J Neurosci Methods. 2024 Jun;406:110131. doi: 10.1016/j.jneumeth.2024.110131. Epub 2024 Apr 5.
The spinal cord and its interactions with the brain are fundamental for movement control and somatosensation. However, brain and spinal electrophysiology in humans have largely been treated as distinct enterprises, in part due to the relative inaccessibility of the spinal cord. Consequently, there is a dearth of knowledge on human spinal electrophysiology, including the multiple pathologies that affect the spinal cord as well as the brain.
Here we exploit recent advances in the development of wearable optically pumped magnetometers (OPMs) which can be flexibly arranged to provide coverage of both the spinal cord and the brain in relatively unconstrained environments. This system for magnetospinoencephalography (MSEG) measures both spinal and cortical signals simultaneously by employing custom-made scanning casts.
We evidence the utility of such a system by recording spinal and cortical evoked responses to median nerve stimulation at the wrist. MSEG revealed early (10 - 15 ms) and late (>20 ms) responses at the spinal cord, in addition to typical cortical evoked responses (i.e., N20).
Early spinal evoked responses detected were in line with conventional somatosensory evoked potential recordings.
This MSEG system demonstrates the novel ability for concurrent non-invasive millisecond imaging of brain and spinal cord.
脊髓及其与大脑的相互作用对于运动控制和躯体感觉至关重要。然而，人类大脑和脊髓的电生理学在很大程度上被视为不同的研究领域，部分原因是脊髓相对难以触及。因此，关于人类脊髓电生理学的知识匮乏，包括影响脊髓以及大脑的多种病理学情况。
在此，我们利用可穿戴光泵磁力仪（OPM）开发方面的最新进展，这种磁力仪可以灵活布置，以便在相对不受限制的环境中同时覆盖脊髓和大脑。这种用于磁脊髓脑成像（MSEG）的系统通过使用定制的扫描模型同时测量脊髓和皮质信号。
我们通过记录对腕部正中神经刺激的脊髓和皮质诱发反应，证明了这种系统的实用性。MSEG除了显示典型的皮质诱发反应（即N20）外，还揭示了脊髓的早期（10 - 15毫秒）和晚期（>20毫秒）反应。
检测到的早期脊髓诱发反应与传统体感诱发电位记录结果一致。
这种MSEG系统展示了对大脑和脊髓进行同步无创毫秒级成像的新能力。
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