Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Cankiri Karatekin University, Cankiri, Turkey.
Metab Syndr Relat Disord. 2024 Aug;22(6):454-462. doi: 10.1089/met.2023.0248. Epub 2024 Apr 8.
Dietary phytochemicals have been under examination as adjuvants for the prevention and treatment of obesity and diabetes. This study aimed at examining the potential associations of dietary "Phytochemical Index" (PI) and polyphenol intake with obesity and diabetes-related parameters. The case-control study involved 331 participants (156 overweight/obese and 175 normal weight), aged 18-50 years. Dietary intake was assessed using the 24-hr dietary recall method, and the PI score was calculated as the percentage of energy intake provided by phytochemical-rich foods. Polyphenol intakes were calculated using Phenol-Explorer and U.S. Department of Agriculture databases. Anthropometrical measurements were taken, serum glucose, insulin, and lipid profiles were analyzed, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was calculated, and blood pressure was measured. Linear regression analyses were used to examine the potential associations. Participants with higher PI scores had higher total and some sub-classes polyphenol intakes compared with lower ones ( < 0.05, for each). Dietary PI score was not associated with any of the anthropometrical measurements; however, total polyphenol and flavonoids intakes were inversely associated with body mass index ( = -0.269, = 0.049; = -0.262, = 0.048; respectively), waist circumference ( = -0.127, = 0.021; = -0.130, = 0.016; respectively), and waist-to-hip ratio ( = -20.724, = 0.032; = -22.199, = 0.018; respectively) after adjusting for potential confounders. Either dietary PI score or total and sub-class polyphenol intakes were not associated with a better metabolic profile, except for the lignan intake, which was inversely associated with HOMA-IR ( = -0.048, = 0.011). Higher dietary polyphenol intake may have potential in the prevention of obesity and diabetes, and validated practical tools are essential for the assessment of polyphenol intake in clinical practice.
膳食植物化学物质一直被作为预防和治疗肥胖和糖尿病的辅助剂进行研究。本研究旨在探讨膳食“植物化学物质指数”（PI）和多酚摄入量与肥胖和糖尿病相关参数的潜在关联。该病例对照研究纳入了 331 名参与者（156 名超重/肥胖和 175 名正常体重），年龄在 18-50 岁之间。膳食摄入量通过 24 小时膳食回忆法进行评估，PI 评分计算为富含植物化学物质的食物提供的能量摄入百分比。多酚摄入量使用 Phenol-Explorer 和美国农业部数据库计算。测量人体测量学指标，分析血清葡萄糖、胰岛素和血脂谱，计算胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR），测量血压。使用线性回归分析来检查潜在关联。与较低的 PI 评分相比，PI 评分较高的参与者总多酚和一些亚类多酚的摄入量也较高（<0.05，每一项）。膳食 PI 评分与任何人体测量指标均无关；然而，总多酚和类黄酮的摄入量与体重指数（=-0.269，=0.049；=-0.262，=0.048；分别）、腰围（=-0.127，=0.021；=-0.130，=0.016；分别）和腰臀比（=-20.724，=0.032；=-22.199，=0.018；分别）呈负相关，在调整了潜在混杂因素后。膳食 PI 评分或总多酚和亚类多酚的摄入量与更好的代谢特征无关，除了木质素的摄入量与 HOMA-IR 呈负相关（=-0.048，=0.011）。较高的膳食多酚摄入量可能对预防肥胖和糖尿病有潜在作用，在临床实践中评估多酚摄入量需要有效的实用工具。
