Effect of clomiphene on the functional morphology of oviductal and uterine mucosa.

The effect of clomiphene on the functional morphology of the uterine and oviductal mucosa was studied in rabbits by means of light and electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Tissues were obtained from mature nulliparous animals receiving subcutaneous doses ranging from 0.01-10 mg/kg per day. In all cases the effects were evaluated 2 days after termination of treatment. With 2 and 10 mg, effects were studied up to 12 and 7 days, respectively. Normally appearing oviductal and endometrial tissues, corresponding to various stages of the cycle, were observed with doses up to 5 mg. However, a burst of cellular secretory activity becomes evident with the administration of higher doses. Apical protrusions or cytoplasmic portions seem to be extruded, and draw attention. These cytologic events are concentrated near gland openings in the endometrium and can be seen abundantly among cilia of oviductal cells. Other ultrastructural changes are evident as well. These histologic changes may reflect nonsynchronous cellular activities which in turn interfere with oviductal and endometrial functions before implantation.