Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Pécs Medical School, Clinical Center, Pécs, Hungary.
National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
Front Immunol. 2024 Mar 27;15:1382424. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1382424. eCollection 2024.
During pregnancy, the maternal immune system must allow and support the growth of the developing placenta while maintaining the integrity of the mother's body. The trophoblast's unique HLA signature is a key factor in this physiological process. This study focuses on decidual γδT cell populations and examines their expression of receptors that bind to non-classical HLA molecules, HLA-E and HLA-G. We demonstrate that decidual γδT cell subsets, including Vδ1, Vδ2, and double-negative (DN) Vδ1-/Vδ2- cells express HLA-specific regulatory receptors, such as NKG2C, NKG2A, ILT2, and KIR2DL4, each with varying dominance. Furthermore, decidual γδT cells produce cytokines (G-CSF, FGF2) and cytotoxic mediators (Granulysin, IFN-γ), suggesting functions in placental growth and pathogen defense. However, these processes seem to be controlled by factors other than trophoblast-derived non-classical HLA molecules. These findings indicate that decidual γδT cells have the potential to actively contribute to the maintenance of healthy human pregnancy.
在妊娠期间，母体免疫系统必须允许和支持发育中的胎盘的生长，同时保持母体身体的完整性。滋养层独特的 HLA 特征是这一生理过程的关键因素。本研究专注于蜕膜 γδT 细胞群体，并研究其与非经典 HLA 分子 HLA-E 和 HLA-G 结合的受体的表达。我们证明，包括 Vδ1、Vδ2 和双阴性（DN）Vδ1-/Vδ2-细胞在内的蜕膜 γδT 细胞亚群表达 HLA 特异性调节受体，如 NKG2C、NKG2A、ILT2 和 KIR2DL4，每种受体的表达都具有不同的优势。此外，蜕膜 γδT 细胞产生细胞因子（G-CSF、FGF2）和细胞毒性介质（颗粒酶、IFN-γ），提示其在胎盘生长和病原体防御中发挥作用。然而，这些过程似乎受到非经典 HLA 分子以外的滋养层来源的因素控制。这些发现表明，蜕膜 γδT 细胞有可能积极参与维持健康的人类妊娠。
