Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics & Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
Neurogastroenterol Motil. 2024 Jul;36(7):e14797. doi: 10.1111/nmo.14797. Epub 2024 Apr 12.
INTRODUCTION: Orthorexia, a harmful obsession with eating healthily, may develop from illnesses characterized by dietary restriction, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) and eating disorders (ED). Evidence of disordered eating in IBS exists, but orthorexia has not been assessed. This cross-sectional study in adults (≥18 years) assessed presence and characteristics of disordered eating and orthorexia in IBS, compared to control subjects (CS) and ED. METHODS: IBS participants met Rome IV, and ED participants met DSM-5 criteria. Disordered eating was assessed using "sick, control, one-stone, fat, food" (SCOFF, ≥2 indicating disordered eating), and orthorexia by the eating habits questionnaire (EHQ). Secondary measures included stress (PSS); anxiety (HADS-A); food-related quality of life (Fr-QoL), and dietary intake (CNAQ). KEY RESULTS: In 202 IBS (192 female), 34 ED (34 female), and 109 CS (90 female), more IBS (33%) and ED (47%) scored SCOFF≥2 compared to CS (16%, p < 0.001, chi-square). IBS and ED had higher orthorexia symptom severity compared to CS (EHQ IBS 82.9 ± 18.1, ED 90.1 ± 19.6, and CS 73.5 ± 16.9, p < 0.001, one-way ANOVA). IBS and ED did not differ for SCOFF or EHQ (p > 0.05). Those with IBS and disordered eating had higher orthorexia symptom severity (EHQ 78.2 ± 16.6 vs. 92.4 ± 17.5, p < 0.001, independent t-test), worse symptoms (IBS-SSS 211.0 ± 78.4 vs. 244.4 ± 62.5, p = 0.008, Mann-Whitney U test), higher stress (p < 0.001, independent t-test), higher anxiety (p = 0.002, independent t-test), and worse FR-QoL (p < 0.001, independent t-test). CONCLUSIONS AND INFERENCES: Disordered eating and orthorexia symptoms occur frequently in IBS, particularly in those with worse gastrointestinal symptoms, higher stress, and anxiety. Clinicians could consider these characteristics when prescribing dietary therapies.
简介:对健康饮食的过度关注可能会导致饮食失调,这种情况被称为“健体癖”。患有肠易激综合征(IBS)和饮食失调(ED)等限制饮食的疾病的患者可能会出现这种情况。目前已经有研究证明 IBS 患者中存在饮食失调的情况,但尚未对健体癖进行评估。本研究旨在评估 IBS 患者中是否存在健体癖,以及该症状与对照受试者(CS)和 ED 患者的关系。
方法:IBS 患者符合罗马 IV 标准,ED 患者符合 DSM-5 标准。使用“生病、控制、一石、胖、食物”(SCOFF,≥2 分表示饮食失调)评估饮食失调,使用饮食行为问卷(EHQ)评估健体癖。次要测量指标包括压力(PSS);焦虑(HADS-A);与食物相关的生活质量(Fr-QoL)和饮食摄入(CNAQ)。
结果:在 202 名 IBS 患者(192 名女性)、34 名 ED 患者(34 名女性)和 109 名 CS 患者(90 名女性)中,IBS 患者(33%)和 ED 患者(47%)的 SCOFF 评分≥2 分的比例高于 CS 患者(16%,p<0.001,卡方检验)。与 CS 组相比,IBS 组和 ED 组的健体癖症状严重程度更高(EHQ IBS 82.9±18.1,ED 90.1±19.6,CS 73.5±16.9,p<0.001,单因素方差分析)。IBS 组和 ED 组的 SCOFF 或 EHQ 评分无差异(p>0.05)。IBS 合并饮食失调的患者,其健体癖症状严重程度更高(EHQ 78.2±16.6 vs. 92.4±17.5,p<0.001,独立样本 t 检验),症状更严重(IBS-SSS 211.0±78.4 vs. 244.4±62.5,p=0.008,Mann-Whitney U 检验),压力更大(p<0.001,独立样本 t 检验),焦虑更严重(p=0.002,独立样本 t 检验),与食物相关的生活质量更差(p<0.001,独立样本 t 检验)。
结论:IBS 患者中经常出现饮食失调和健体癖症状,尤其是胃肠道症状更严重、压力和焦虑更高的患者。临床医生在为患者制定饮食治疗方案时可以考虑这些特征。
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