Institute for Medical Epidemiology, Biometrics and Informatics (IMEBI), Interdisciplinary Centre for Health Sciences, Medical Faculty of the Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 8, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Department of Internal Medicine IV, Oncology/Haematology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Str. 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Germany.
Sci Rep. 2024 Apr 13;14(1):8569. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-59122-3.
65 million people worldwide are estimated to suffer from long-term symptoms after their SARS-CoV-2 infection (Long COVID). However, there is still little information about the early recovery among those who initially developed Long COVID, i.e. had symptoms 4-12 weeks after infection but no symptoms after 12 weeks. We aimed to identify associated factors with this early recovery. We used data from SARS-CoV-2-infected individuals from the DigiHero study. Participants provided information about their SARS-CoV-2 infections and symptoms at the time of infection, 4-12 weeks, and more than 12 weeks post-infection. We performed multivariable logistic regression to identify factors associated with early recovery from Long COVID and principal component analysis (PCA) to identify groups among symptoms. 5098 participants reported symptoms at 4-12 weeks after their SARS-CoV-2 infection, of which 2441 (48%) reported no symptoms after 12 weeks. Men, younger participants, individuals with mild course of acute infection, individuals infected with the Omicron variant, and individuals who did not seek medical care in the 4-12 week period after infection had a higher chance of early recovery. In the PCA, we identified four distinct symptom groups. Our results indicate differential risk of continuing symptoms among individuals who developed Long COVID. The identified risk factors are similar to those for the development of Long COVID, so people with these characteristics are at higher risk not only for developing Long COVID, but also for longer persistence of symptoms. Those who sought medical help were also more likely to have persistent symptoms.
据估计,全球有 6500 万人在感染 SARS-CoV-2 后出现长期症状(长新冠)。然而,对于那些最初患有长新冠的人(即在感染后 4-12 周出现症状但 12 周后无症状),他们的早期康复情况仍知之甚少。我们旨在确定与这种早期康复相关的因素。我们使用了来自 DigiHero 研究的 SARS-CoV-2 感染个体的数据。参与者在感染时、感染后 4-12 周和 12 周后以上时间提供有关 SARS-CoV-2 感染和症状的信息。我们进行了多变量逻辑回归,以确定与长新冠早期康复相关的因素,并进行主成分分析(PCA)以确定症状中的组别。5098 名参与者报告了感染 SARS-CoV-2 后 4-12 周的症状,其中 2441 名(48%)在 12 周后无症状。男性、年轻参与者、急性感染轻症患者、感染奥密克戎变异株的患者以及在感染后 4-12 周期间未寻求医疗的患者,早期康复的机会更高。在 PCA 中,我们确定了四个不同的症状组。我们的研究结果表明,在患有长新冠的人群中,继续出现症状的风险存在差异。确定的危险因素与长新冠的发展相似,因此具有这些特征的人不仅发展长新冠的风险更高,而且症状持续的时间也更长。那些寻求医疗帮助的人也更有可能出现持续的症状。