Li Bibo, Wu Ke, Duan Guoqing, Yin Weiqi, Lei Mingkai, Yan Yining, Ren Youshe, Zhang Chunxiang
College of Animal Science, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Mar 25;14(7):998. doi: 10.3390/ani14070998.
The aim of this study was to investigate if the supplementation of folic acid and taurine can relieve the adverse effects of different levels of heat stress (HS) on growth performance, physiological indices, antioxidative capacity, immunity, rumen fermentation and microbiota. A total of 24 Dorper × Hu crossbred lambs (27.51 ± 0.96 kg) were divided into four groups: control group (C, 25 °C), moderate HS group (MHS, 35 °C), severe HS group (SHS, 40 °C), and the treatment group, under severe HS (RHS, 40 °C, 4 and 40 mg/kg BW/d coated folic acid and taurine, respectively). Results showed that, compared with Group C, HS significantly decreased the ADG of lambs ( < 0.05), and the ADG in the RHS group was markedly higher than in the MHS and SHS group ( < 0.05). HS had significant detrimental effects on physiological indices, antioxidative indices and immune status on the 4th day ( < 0.05). The physiological indices, such as RR and ST, increased significantly ( < 0.05) with the HS level and were significantly decreased in the RHS group, compared to the SHS group ( < 0.05). HS induced the significant increase of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-β, and the decrease of T-AOC, SOD, GPx, IL-10, IL-13, IgA, IgG, and IgM ( < 0.05). However, there was a significant improvement in these indices after the supplementation of folic acid and taurine under HS. Moreover, there were a significant increase in and , and an evident decrease of the genera and under HS ( < 0.05). The LEfSe analysis showed that the genera , , and f_Bifidobacteriaceae were enriched in the MHS, SHS and RHS groups, respectively. Correlated analysis indicated that the genus was positively associated with MDA, while it was negatively involved in IL-10, IgA, IgM, and SOD ( < 0.05); The genus was positively associated with the propionate and valerate, while the genus was negatively involved in TNF-α ( < 0.05). In conclusion, folic acid and taurine may alleviate the adverse effects of HS on antioxidant capacity, immunomodulation, and rumen fermentation of lambs by inducing changes in the microbiome that improve animal growth performance.
本研究的目的是探讨补充叶酸和牛磺酸是否能缓解不同程度热应激（HS）对生长性能、生理指标、抗氧化能力、免疫力、瘤胃发酵和微生物群的不利影响。将24只杜泊×湖羊杂交羔羊（27.51±0.96 kg）分为四组：对照组（C，25℃）、中度热应激组（MHS，35℃）、重度热应激组（SHS，40℃）和治疗组，重度热应激组（RHS，40℃，分别补充4和40 mg/kg体重/天的包膜叶酸和牛磺酸）。结果表明，与C组相比，热应激显著降低了羔羊的平均日增重（<0.05），RHS组的平均日增重显著高于MHS组和SHS组（<0.05）。热应激在第4天对生理指标、抗氧化指标和免疫状态有显著的不利影响（<0.05）。呼吸频率（RR）和体温（ST）等生理指标随热应激水平显著升高（<0.05），与SHS组相比，RHS组显著降低（<0.05）。热应激导致丙二醛（MDA）、肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）和白细胞介素-β（IL-β）显著增加，总抗氧化能力（T-AOC）、超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）、白细胞介素-10（IL-10）、白细胞介素-13（IL-13）、免疫球蛋白A（IgA）、免疫球蛋白G（IgG）和免疫球蛋白M（IgM）降低（<0.05）。然而，在热应激条件下补充叶酸和牛磺酸后，这些指标有显著改善。此外，热应激下瘤胃球菌属（Ruminococcus）和普雷沃氏菌属（Prevotella）显著增加，而双歧杆菌属（Bifidobacterium）和瘤胃杆菌属（Ruminobacter）明显减少（<0.05）。线性判别分析效应大小（LEfSe）分析表明，瘤胃球菌属、普雷沃氏菌属和双歧杆菌科分别在MHS组、SHS组和RHS组中富集。相关性分析表明，瘤胃球菌属与MDA呈正相关，而与IL-10、IgA、IgM和SOD呈负相关（<0.05）；普雷沃氏菌属与丙酸盐和戊酸盐呈正相关，而瘤胃杆菌属与TNF-α呈负相关（<0.05）。总之，叶酸和牛磺酸可能通过诱导微生物群变化改善动物生长性能，从而减轻热应激对羔羊抗氧化能力、免疫调节和瘤胃发酵的不利影响。
