College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
College of Biological Engineering, Henan University of Technology, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2023 Aug;107(15):4961-4971. doi: 10.1007/s00253-023-12614-0. Epub 2023 Jun 12.
Paper mulberry (Broussonetia papyrifera), as a new woody forage with high-protein characteristic, is being widely used in ruminant feeding. However, little is known about the comprehensive microbiota picture of whole ruminal niches (liquid, solid, and epithelium) under paper mulberry diet. To gain a better understanding of feeding paper mulberry on the rumen microbiota, the effects of fresh paper mulberry, paper mulberry silage, or a conventional high-protein alfalfa silage on rumen fermentation products and microbiota in rumen niches of Hu lambs were studied. Forty-five Hu lambs were randomly divided into 3 treatments with 15 replicates in each treatment. No significant difference was observed among treatments in the average daily gain (ADG). The fresh paper mulberry treatment had lower (P < 0.05) pH and higher (P < 0.05) total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) compared with silage treatments, but the fermentation parameters did not show significant differences between paper mulberry silage and alfalfa silage treatments. The Shannon index did not show a significant difference (P < 0.05) among treatments except between fresh paper mulberry and alfalfa silage treatment in rumen epithelial niches. Butyrivibrio and Treponema were the predominant genera in the rumen epithelial fraction, while Prevotella and Rikenellaceae_RC9 dominated in both rumen liquid and solid fractions. These results indicated the paper mulberry supplement did not have distinct impact on the microbial diversity and growth performance compared with alfalfa silage, especially for paper mulberry silage, which might help us develop an alternative animal feeding strategy of replacing alfalfa with paper mulberry. KEY POINTS: • Feeding paper mulberry silage did not show significant impact on the growth performance compared with alfalfa silage treatment. • Feeding fresh paper mulberry reduced rumen pH value and increased total volatile fatty acid. • The microbial diversity did not show significant difference among treatments.
桑树（Broussonetia papyrifera）作为一种具有高蛋白特性的新型木本饲料，在反刍动物饲养中得到了广泛应用。然而，关于桑树饮食下整个瘤胃生态位（液体、固体和上皮）的综合微生物图谱知之甚少。为了更好地了解桑树对瘤胃微生物的影响，本研究探讨了新鲜桑树、桑树青贮或传统高蛋白紫花苜蓿青贮对湖羊瘤胃发酵产物和瘤胃生态位微生物的影响。将 45 只湖羊随机分为 3 个处理组，每个处理组 15 个重复。各处理组的平均日增重（ADG）无显著差异。新鲜桑树处理组的 pH 值较低（P<0.05），总挥发性脂肪酸（TVFA）较高（P<0.05），与青贮处理组相比，但青贮处理组之间的发酵参数没有显著差异。除新鲜桑树与紫花苜蓿青贮处理组外，各处理组在瘤胃上皮生态位中的 Shannon 指数无显著差异（P<0.05）。丁酸弧菌属和密螺旋体属是瘤胃上皮区的主要属，而拟杆菌属和理研菌科 RC9 属则在瘤胃液体和固体区占主导地位。这些结果表明，与紫花苜蓿青贮相比，补充桑树对微生物多样性和生长性能没有明显影响，特别是对于桑树青贮，这可能有助于我们开发一种替代的动物饲养策略，用桑树替代紫花苜蓿。关键点：• 与紫花苜蓿青贮处理相比，饲喂桑树青贮对生长性能没有显著影响。• 饲喂新鲜桑树可降低瘤胃 pH 值并增加总挥发性脂肪酸。• 各处理组之间的微生物多样性没有显著差异。
