Shastak Yauheni, Pelletier Wolf
Nutrition & Health Division, BASF SE, 67063 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Mar 25;14(7):1000. doi: 10.3390/ani14071000.
The health of companion animals, particularly dogs and cats, is significantly influenced by nutrition, with vitamins playing a crucial role. Vitamin A, in particular, is indispensable, with diverse roles ranging from vision to immune modulation and reproduction. Despite its importance, the metabolism and dietary requirements of vitamin A in companion animals remain complex and not fully understood. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the historical perspective, the digestion, the metabolism, the physiological roles, the deficiency, the excess, and the interactions with other micronutrients of vitamin A in companion animals. Additionally, it highlights future research directions and gaps in our understanding. Insights into the metabolism of vitamin A in companion animals, personalized nutrition strategies based on genetic variability, longitudinal studies tracking the status of vitamin A, and investigations into its immunomodulatory effects are crucial for optimizing pet health and wellness. Furthermore, understanding the stability and bioavailability of vitamin A in pet food formulations is essential for ensuring the provision of adequate micronutrients. Overall, this review underscores the importance of vitamin A in companion animal nutrition and the need for further research to enhance our understanding and to optimize dietary recommendations for pet health and well-being.
伴侣动物，尤其是狗和猫的健康，受到营养的显著影响，其中维生素起着至关重要的作用。特别是维生素A不可或缺，其作用广泛，从视觉到免疫调节和繁殖。尽管维生素A很重要，但伴侣动物体内维生素A的代谢和饮食需求仍然复杂，尚未完全了解。本文综述了伴侣动物维生素A的历史背景、消化、代谢、生理作用、缺乏、过量以及与其他微量营养素的相互作用。此外，还强调了未来的研究方向以及我们理解上的差距。了解伴侣动物体内维生素A的代谢、基于基因变异性的个性化营养策略、追踪维生素A状态的纵向研究以及对其免疫调节作用的研究，对于优化宠物健康至关重要。此外，了解宠物食品配方中维生素A的稳定性和生物利用度对于确保提供充足的微量营养素至关重要。总体而言，本文强调了维生素A在伴侣动物营养中的重要性，以及进一步开展研究以增进我们的理解并优化宠物健康和福祉饮食建议的必要性。
