Department of Nephrology, Angiology and Rheumatology, Klinikum Bayreuth GmbH, 95445 Bayreuth, Germany.
Department of Nephrology, Medizincampus Oberfranken, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Mar 26;25(7):3678. doi: 10.3390/ijms25073678.
Effective management of chronic kidney disease (CKD), a major health problem worldwide, requires accurate and timely diagnosis, prognosis of progression, assessment of therapeutic efficacy, and, ideally, prediction of drug response. Multiple biomarkers and algorithms for evaluating specific aspects of CKD have been proposed in the literature, many of which are based on a small number of samples. Based on the evidence presented in relevant studies, a comprehensive overview of the different biomarkers applicable for clinical implementation is lacking. This review aims to compile information on the non-invasive diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers currently available for the management of CKD and provide guidance on the application of these biomarkers. We specifically focus on biomarkers that have demonstrated added value in prospective studies or those based on prospectively collected samples including at least 100 subjects. Published data demonstrate that several valid non-invasive biomarkers of potential value in the management of CKD are currently available.
有效管理慢性肾脏病（CKD）是全世界的一个主要健康问题，需要准确和及时的诊断、进展预测、治疗效果评估，理想情况下还需要预测药物反应。文献中已经提出了许多用于评估 CKD 特定方面的生物标志物和算法，其中许多是基于少数样本的。基于相关研究中提出的证据，目前缺乏对适用于临床实施的不同生物标志物的全面概述。本综述旨在汇编目前可用于 CKD 管理的非侵入性诊断、预后和预测生物标志物的信息，并提供关于这些生物标志物应用的指导。我们特别关注在前瞻性研究中或基于至少 100 例前瞻性收集样本的研究中显示出附加价值的生物标志物。已发表的数据表明，目前有几种有效的非侵入性生物标志物可能对 CKD 的管理具有潜在价值。
