School of Public Health Georgia State University Atlanta GA.
ALYKA Health Marietta GA.
J Am Heart Assoc. 2024 May 7;13(9):e030403. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.123.030403. Epub 2024 Apr 15.
Most studies have used cross-sectional or limited follow-up data to evaluate the relationship between social isolation (SI) and hypertension in older populations. The objective of this analysis was to examine the relationship between longitudinal SI and hypertension in a younger population.
The present analysis used data from waves I to V of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (1994-2018) and logistic regression models to describe the association of timing, duration, and transitional patterns of SI with hypertension in early middle adulthood. Models were adjusted for demographic variables and adolescent socioeconomic and health-related confounders. SI was higher across life stages among individuals with hypertension (adolescence: 38% versus 35%, young adulthood: 52% versus 44%, and early middle adulthood: 61% versus 52%). Individuals who were socially isolated in young adulthood or early middle adulthood had greater odds of hypertension in early middle adulthood than those who were not (odds ratio [OR], 1.30 [95% CI, 1.07-1.56]; OR, 1.42 [95% CI, 1.15-1.76], respectively). Early middle adulthood hypertension was significantly associated with persistent SI across all life stages and for those who moved into persistent SI after adolescence (OR, 1.40 [95% CI, 1.02-1.93]; OR, 1.61 [95% CI, 1.18-2.19], respectively).
SI in young or early middle adulthood significantly increased the odds of hypertension, as did moving into SI and the accumulation of SI across life stages. Our analysis provides insights regarding timing for effective interventions to reduce hypertension earlier in the life course, which may prevent future adverse cardiovascular-related events.
大多数研究使用横断面或有限随访数据来评估社会隔离（SI）与老年人高血压之间的关系。本分析的目的是在年轻人群中检查纵向 SI 与高血压之间的关系。
本分析使用了国家青少年到成人健康纵向研究（1994-2018 年）的 I 至 V 波数据和逻辑回归模型来描述 SI 的时间、持续时间和过渡模式与中年早期高血压之间的关联。模型调整了人口统计学变量以及青少年社会经济和健康相关的混杂因素。患有高血压的个体在整个生命阶段的 SI 更高（青春期：38%比 35%，青年期：52%比 44%，中年早期：61%比 52%）。与没有社会隔离的个体相比，青年期或中年早期社会隔离的个体在中年早期患高血压的可能性更大（比值比[OR]，1.30[95%置信区间，1.07-1.56]；OR，1.42[95%置信区间，1.15-1.76]）。中年早期高血压与所有生命阶段的持续 SI 显著相关，对于那些在青春期后进入持续 SI 的人（OR，1.40[95%置信区间，1.02-1.93]；OR，1.61[95%置信区间，1.18-2.19]）也是如此。
青年期或中年早期的 SI 显著增加了高血压的几率，向 SI 转变以及整个生命阶段的 SI 积累也是如此。我们的分析为在生命早期更有效地干预以降低高血压提供了思路，这可能会预防未来与心血管相关的不良事件。
