Characterization of the Dynamic Behavior of Multinanobubble System under Shock Wave Influence.

Shockwave-induced changes in nanobubbles cause cavitation erosion and membrane damage but can also be applied to biocarrier transport. Currently, research focuses on single nanobubbles; however, in reality, nanobubbles usually appear as a multibubble system. Therefore, this study proposes a method based on cutting and replicating to construct a multibubble model. This method can be widely applied to molecular dynamics (MD) models and enhance the customization capabilities of MD models. The dynamic behavior of a multinanobubble system with different numbers and arrangements of nanobubbles is investigated with the MD method under the influence of shock waves in a liquid argon system. The study also explores the range of influence between nanobubbles. The results show that in the case of two nanobubbles, when the distance between the bubbles is constant, the smaller the angle between the direction of the shock wave and the line connecting the bubbles, the greater is the influence between nanobubbles, and the moment of collapse of the nanobubbles farther away from the shock wave is slower. When three nanobubbles are arranged with a right offset, after the first bubble collapses, the effect on the other two bubbles is similar to the changes in bubbles when the angle of arrangement is 30° or 60°. Under a different arrangement, the change of shock wave velocity on the nanobubble size only affects its collapse time and contraction collapse rate. When the shock wave with a radian of about 2.87 or greater than 2.87 touches the bubbles, the collapse of the second nanobubble will not be affected.