Markowska Anna, Kojs Zbigniew, Twardawa Damian, Pietras Joanna, Markowska Janina
Department of Perinatology and Women's Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics with Gynecologic Oncology, Ludwik Rydygier Memorial Specialized Hospital, 31-826 Kraków, Poland.
Exp Ther Med. 2024 Mar 27;27(5):236. doi: 10.3892/etm.2024.12523. eCollection 2024 May.
Despite advances in surgical treatment techniques and chemotherapy-including anti-angiogenic and immune poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase inhibitors, the 5-year survival rate in ovarian cancer (OC) remains low. The reasons for this are the diagnosis of cancer in advanced clinical stages, chemoresistance and cancer recurrence. New therapeutic approaches are being developed, including the search for new biomarkers that are also targets for targeted therapy. The present review describes new molecular markers with relevance to targeted therapy, which to date have been studied only in experimental research. These include the angiogenic protein angiopoietin-2, the transmembrane glycoprotein ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 1, the adhesion protein E-cadherin, the TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 1 and Kruppel-like factor 7. Drugs affecting cancer stem cells (CSCs) in OC, such as metformin and salinomycin, as well as inhibitors of CSCs markers aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (with the drug ATRA) and the transcription factor Nanog homeobox (microRNA) are also discussed. A new approach to prevention and possible therapies under investigation such as development of vaccines containing a subpopulation of CD117(+) and CD44(+) stem cells with a promising option for use in women with OC was described.
尽管手术治疗技术和化疗取得了进展，包括抗血管生成和免疫聚（ADP - 核糖）聚合酶抑制剂，但卵巢癌（OC）的5年生存率仍然很低。造成这种情况的原因是癌症在临床晚期才被诊断出来、存在化疗耐药性以及癌症复发。正在开发新的治疗方法，包括寻找新的生物标志物，这些生物标志物也是靶向治疗的靶点。本综述描述了与靶向治疗相关的新分子标志物，迄今为止这些标志物仅在实验研究中得到研究。这些标志物包括血管生成蛋白血管生成素 - 2、跨膜糖蛋白胞外核苷酸焦磷酸酶/磷酸二酯酶1、黏附蛋白E - 钙黏蛋白、TIMP金属肽酶抑制剂1和Kruppel样因子7。还讨论了影响OC中癌症干细胞（CSC）的药物，如二甲双胍和沙林霉素，以及CSC标志物醛脱氢酶1（与药物全反式维甲酸联用）和转录因子Nanog同源盒（微小RNA）的抑制剂。描述了一种新的预防方法以及正在研究的可能疗法，例如开发含有CD117(+)和CD44(+)干细胞亚群的疫苗，这为OC女性患者提供了一种有前景的治疗选择。
