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HIV 疫苗问题：为什么尚未找到解决方案？

The Question of HIV Vaccine: Why Is a Solution Not Yet Available?

机构信息

One Health Unit, Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Medicine, University of Milan, Via Pascal 36, 20133 Milan, Italy.

Pomona Ricerca S.r.l, Via Assarotti 7, 10122 Turin, Italy.

出版信息

J Immunol Res. 2024 Apr 8;2024:2147912. doi: 10.1155/2024/2147912. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.1155/2024/2147912
PMID:38628675
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11019575/
Abstract

Ever since its discovery, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection has remained a significant public health concern. The number of HIV-1 seropositive individuals currently stands at 40.1 million, yet definitive treatment for the virus is still unavailable on the market. Vaccination has proven to be a potent tool in combating infectious diseases, as evidenced by its success against other pathogens. However, despite ongoing efforts and research, the unique viral characteristics have prevented the development of an effective anti-HIV-1 vaccine. In this review, we aim to provide an historical overview of the various approaches attempted to create an effective anti-HIV-1 vaccine. Our objective is to explore the reasons why specific methods have failed to induce a protective immune response and to analyze the different modalities of immunogen presentation. This trial is registered with NCT05414786, NCT05471076, NCT04224701, and NCT01937455.

摘要

自发现以来，人类免疫缺陷病毒 1 型（HIV-1）感染一直是一个重大的公共卫生问题。目前 HIV-1 血清阳性个体的数量达到 4010 万，但市场上仍没有针对该病毒的明确治疗方法。疫苗接种已被证明是对抗传染病的有效工具，这可以从其对其他病原体的成功中得到证明。然而，尽管正在进行努力和研究，但病毒的独特特征阻止了有效的抗 HIV-1 疫苗的开发。在这篇综述中，我们旨在提供创建有效抗 HIV-1 疫苗的各种尝试方法的历史概述。我们的目的是探讨为什么特定的方法未能诱导出保护性免疫反应，并分析免疫原呈现的不同方式。这项试验在 NCT05414786、NCT05471076、NCT04224701 和 NCT01937455 注册。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9087/11019575/2dce66a41f04/JIR2024-2147912.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9087/11019575/f7568f86cdeb/JIR2024-2147912.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9087/11019575/2dce66a41f04/JIR2024-2147912.002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9087/11019575/f7568f86cdeb/JIR2024-2147912.001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9087/11019575/2dce66a41f04/JIR2024-2147912.002.jpg

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