Batouli Seyed Amir Hossein, Razavi Foroogh, Sisakhti Minoo, Oghabian Zeinab, Ahmadzade Haady, Tehrani Doost Mehdi
Department of Neuroscience and Addiction Studies, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Neuroimaging and Analysis Group, Research Center for Molecular and Cellular Imaging, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Basic Clin Neurosci. 2023 Sep-Oct;14(5):585-604. doi: 10.32598/bcn.2021.1774.3. Epub 2023 Sep 1.
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with symptoms appearing from early childhood. Behavioral modifications, special education, and medicines are used to treat ASD; however, the effectiveness of the treatments depends on early diagnosis of the disorder. The primary approach in diagnosing ASD is based on clinical interviews and valid scales. Still, methods based on brain imaging could also be possible diagnostic biomarkers for ASD.
To identify the amount of information the functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals on ASD, we reviewed 292 task-based fMRI studies on ASD individuals. This study is part of a systematic review with the registration number CRD42017070975.
We observed that face perception, language, attention, and social processing tasks were mainly studied in ASD. In addition, 73 brain regions, nearly 83% of brain grey matter, showed an altered activation between the ASD and normal individuals during these four tasks, either in a lower or a higher activation.
Using imaging methods, such as fMRI, to diagnose and predict ASD is a great objective; research similar to the present study could be the initial step.
自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）是一种神经发育障碍，症状从幼儿期就开始出现。行为矫正、特殊教育和药物被用于治疗ASD；然而，这些治疗方法的有效性取决于该疾病的早期诊断。诊断ASD的主要方法基于临床访谈和有效量表。不过，基于脑成像的方法也可能成为ASD的诊断生物标志物。
为了确定功能磁共振成像（fMRI）揭示的关于ASD的信息量，我们回顾了292项针对ASD个体的基于任务的fMRI研究。本研究是一项系统评价的一部分，注册号为CRD42017070975。
我们观察到，面孔感知、语言、注意力和社交处理任务是ASD研究中的主要内容。此外，在这四项任务中，73个脑区（近83%的脑灰质）在ASD个体和正常个体之间表现出激活改变，激活程度或降低或升高。
使用fMRI等成像方法来诊断和预测ASD是一个伟大的目标；类似本研究的研究可能是第一步。
