Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore and National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore.
London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Department of Global Health & Development, London, United Kingdom.
PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2024 Apr 17;18(4):e0012081. doi: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0012081. eCollection 2024 Apr.
Dengue virus (DENV) is endemic to many parts of the world and has serious health and socioeconomic effects even in high-income countries, especially with rapid changes in the climate globally. We explored the literature on dengue vector control methods used in high-income, city settings and associations with dengue incidence, dengue prevalence, or mosquito vector densities.
Studies of any design or year were included if they reported effects on human DENV infection or Aedes vector indices of dengue-specific vector control interventions in high-income, city settings.
Of 24 eligible sources, most reported research in the United States (n = 8) or Australia (n = 5). Biocontrol (n = 12) and chemical control (n = 13) were the most frequently discussed vector control methods. Only 6 sources reported data on the effectiveness of a given method in reducing human DENV incidence or prevalence, 2 described effects of larval and adult control on Aedes DENV positivity, 20 reported effectiveness in reducing vector density, using insecticide, larvicide, source reduction, auto-dissemination of pyriproxyfen and Wolbachia, and only 1 described effects on human-vector contact.
As most studies reported reductions in vector densities, rather than any effects on human DENV incidence or prevalence, we can draw no clear conclusions on which interventions might be most effective in reducing dengue in high-income, city areas. More research is needed linking evidence on the effects of different DENV vector control methods with dengue incidence/prevalence or mosquito vector densities in high-income, city settings as this is likely to differ from low-income settings. This is a significant evidence gap as climate changes increase the global reach of DENV. The importance of community involvement was clear in several studies, although it is impossible to tease out the relative contributions of this from other control methods used.
登革热病毒（DENV）在世界许多地区流行，即使在高收入国家，也会对健康和社会经济产生严重影响，特别是随着全球气候的快速变化。我们探讨了在高收入城市环境中使用的登革热媒介控制方法的文献，并研究了其与登革热发病率、登革热流行率或蚊虫媒介密度的关联。
如果研究报告了高收入城市环境中针对人类 DENV 感染或伊蚊媒介的登革热特定媒介控制干预措施的效果，则纳入任何设计或年份的研究。
在 24 篇合格来源中，大多数报道了美国（n=8）或澳大利亚（n=5）的研究。生物防治（n=12）和化学防治（n=13）是讨论最多的媒介控制方法。仅有 6 篇来源报告了某种方法在降低人类 DENV 发病率或流行率方面的有效性数据，2 篇描述了幼虫和成虫控制对 Aedes DENV 阳性率的影响，20 篇报告了减少媒介密度的有效性，使用了杀虫剂、幼虫杀虫剂、源头减少、吡丙醚的自动传播和沃尔巴克氏体，仅有 1 篇描述了对人与媒介接触的影响。
由于大多数研究报告了媒介密度的降低，而不是人类 DENV 发病率或流行率的任何影响，我们无法得出明确的结论，即哪种干预措施最有可能在高收入城市地区降低登革热的发病率。需要更多的研究将不同的 DENV 媒介控制方法的效果与高收入城市环境中的登革热发病率/流行率或蚊虫媒介密度联系起来，因为这可能与低收入环境有所不同。随着气候变化增加 DENV 的全球传播范围，这是一个重要的证据空白。在几项研究中，社区参与的重要性显而易见，尽管无法从其他使用的控制方法中梳理出这种相对贡献。
