Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, CNRS UMR3738, Zebrafish Neurogenetics Unit, Team supported by the Ligue Nationale Contre le Cancer, F-75015, Paris, France.
Sorbonne Université, Collège doctoral, F-75005, Paris, France.
Nat Commun. 2024 Apr 17;15(1):3306. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-47484-1.
Macroglia fulfill essential functions in the adult vertebrate brain, producing and maintaining neurons and regulating neuronal communication. However, we still know little about their emergence and diversification. We used the zebrafish D. rerio as a distant vertebrate model with moderate glial diversity as anchor to reanalyze datasets covering over 600 million years of evolution. We identify core features of adult neurogenesis and innovations in the mammalian lineage with a potential link to the rarity of radial glia-like cells in adult humans. Our results also suggest that functions associated with astrocytes originated in a multifunctional cell type fulfilling both neural stem cell and astrocytic functions before these diverged. Finally, we identify conserved elements of macroglial cell identity and function and their time of emergence during evolution.
大胶质细胞在成年脊椎动物大脑中发挥着重要功能，它们产生和维持神经元，并调节神经元之间的通讯。然而，我们对它们的出现和多样化仍然知之甚少。我们使用斑马鱼 D. rerio 作为一个具有中等神经胶质多样性的遥远脊椎动物模型作为锚点，重新分析了涵盖超过 6 亿年进化的数据集。我们确定了成年神经发生的核心特征和哺乳动物谱系中的创新，这些创新可能与成年人类中稀少的放射状胶质样细胞有关。我们的研究结果还表明，与星形胶质细胞相关的功能起源于一种多功能细胞类型，这种细胞在分化之前同时具有神经干细胞和星形胶质细胞的功能。最后，我们确定了在进化过程中，神经胶质细胞的身份和功能的保守成分及其出现的时间。
