高氮肥料缓解了干旱胁迫对‘牛油果’玉簪生长和光合特性的不利影响。
High-nitrogen fertilizer alleviated adverse effects of drought stress on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Hosta 'Guacamole'.
机构信息
Forest and fruit tree Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China.
出版信息
BMC Plant Biol. 2024 Apr 18;24(1):299. doi: 10.1186/s12870-024-04929-5.
BACKGROUND
Several plants are facing drought stress due to climate change in recent years. In this study, we aimed to explore the effect of varying watering frequency on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Hosta 'Guacamole'. Moreover, we investigated the effect of high-nitrogen and -potassium fertilizers on alleviating the impacts of drought stress on the morphology, photosynthetic characteristics, chlorophyll fluorescence, fast chlorophyll a fluorescence transient, JIP-test parameters, and enzymatic and non-enzymatic scavenging system for reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this species.
RESULTS
Leaf senescence, decreased chlorophyll contents, limited leaf area, and reduced photosynthetic characteristics and oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) activity were observed in Hosta 'Guacamole' under drought stress. However, high-nitrogen fertilizer (30-10-10) could efficiently alleviate and prevent the adverse effects of drought stress. High-nitrogen fertilizer significantly increased chlorophyll contents, which was higher by 106% than drought stress. Additionally, high-nitrogen fertilizer significantly improved net photosynthetic rate and water use efficiency, which were higher by 467% and 2900% than those under drought stress. It attributes that high-nitrogen fertilizer could reduce transpiration rate of leaf cells and stomatal opening size in drought stress. On the other hand, high-nitrogen fertilizer enhanced actual photochemical efficiency of PS II and photochemical quenching coefficient, and actual photochemical efficiency of PS II significantly higher by 177% than that under drought stress. Furthermore, high-nitrogen fertilizer significantly activated OEC and ascorbate peroxidase activities, and enhanced the performance of photosystem II and photosynthetic capacity compared with high-potassium fertilizers (15-10-30).
CONCLUSIONS
High-nitrogen fertilizer (30-10-10) could efficiently alleviate the adverse effects of drought stress in Hosta 'Guacamole' via enhancing OEC activity and photosynthetic performance and stimulating enzymatic ROS scavenging system.
背景
近年来，由于气候变化，许多植物面临干旱胁迫。在这项研究中，我们旨在探索不同浇水频率对‘鳄梨美人’萱草生长和光合作用特性的影响。此外，我们还研究了高氮高钾肥料对缓解干旱胁迫对该物种形态、光合作用特性、叶绿素荧光、快速叶绿素 a 荧光瞬变、JIP-test 参数以及酶和非酶活性氧（ROS）清除系统的影响。
结果
在干旱胁迫下，‘鳄梨美人’萱草叶片衰老、叶绿素含量降低、叶面积受限、光合作用特性和放氧复合体（OEC）活性降低。然而，高氮肥料（30-10-10）可以有效地缓解和防止干旱胁迫的不利影响。高氮肥料显著增加了叶绿素含量，比干旱胁迫下高 106%。此外，高氮肥料显著提高了净光合速率和水分利用效率，分别比干旱胁迫下高 467%和 2900%。这归因于高氮肥料可以降低干旱胁迫下叶片细胞的蒸腾速率和气孔开度。另一方面，高氮肥料增强了 PS II 的实际光化学效率和光化学猝灭系数，实际 PS II 光化学效率比干旱胁迫下高 177%。此外，高氮肥料显著激活了 OEC 和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶的活性，与高钾肥料（15-10-30）相比，提高了光系统 II 的性能和光合作用能力。
结论
高氮肥料（30-10-10）通过增强 OEC 活性和光合作用性能，刺激酶活性氧清除系统，有效地缓解了‘鳄梨美人’萱草干旱胁迫的不利影响。
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