Proyecto Suma. Güemes 4130 (1425), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigaciones, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
BMC Psychiatry. 2024 Apr 17;24(1):291. doi: 10.1186/s12888-024-05631-4.
Exposure to potentially traumatic events increases the risk of a person developing a mental disorder. Training community members to offer support to a person during and after a traumatic situation may help lower this risk. This study reports on the cultural adaptation of Australian mental health first aid guidelines for individuals exposed to a potentially traumatic event to the Chilean and Argentinian context.
A Delphi expert consensus study was conducted with two panels of experts, one of people with lived experience of trauma (either their own or as a carer; n = 26) and another one of health professionals (n = 41). A total of 158 items, drawn from guidelines developed by Australian experts in 2019, were translated to Spanish and evaluated in a two-round survey process. The panellists were asked to rate each item on a five-point Likert scale; statements were included in the final guidelines if 80% of both panels endorsed the item as "essential" or "important".
Consensus was achieved on 142 statements over two survey rounds. A total of 102 statements were included from the English-language guidelines, and 40 locally generated statements were accepted in the second round. Local experts endorsed a larger number of items compared to their counterparts in Australia and emphasised the importance of acknowledging the first aider's limitations, both personally and as part of their helping role. Additional items about working as a team with other first responders and considering helping the person's significant others were endorsed by the local panellists.
The study showed a high level of acceptance of the original actions suggested for inclusion in the guidelines for Australia, but also a significant number of new statements that highlight the importance of the adaptation process. Further research on the dissemination of these guidelines into a Mental Health First Aid training course for Chile and Argentina is still required.
接触潜在创伤性事件会增加一个人患上精神障碍的风险。培训社区成员在创伤性事件发生期间和之后为当事人提供支持，可能有助于降低这种风险。本研究报告了将澳大利亚心理健康急救指南（适用于接触潜在创伤性事件的个人）适应当地智利和阿根廷背景的文化适应性。
采用德尔菲专家共识研究法，对两组专家进行了研究，一组是有创伤经历的人（无论是自己经历还是作为照顾者；n=26），另一组是卫生专业人员（n=41）。从澳大利亚专家在 2019 年制定的指南中提取了 158 项内容，将其翻译成西班牙语，并在两轮调查过程中进行了评估。在两轮调查中，让专家小组成员对每个项目进行五分制的李克特量表评分；如果两个小组都有 80%的专家将项目评为“必不可少”或“重要”，则将该项目纳入最终指南。
在两轮调查中，专家组达成了 142 项共识。共有 102 项来自英语指南的内容被纳入，第二轮有 40 项当地生成的内容被接受。与澳大利亚的同行相比，当地专家对更多的项目表示认可，并强调了承认急救员个人和他们帮助角色的局限性的重要性。当地专家还认可了与其他急救人员合作以及考虑帮助当事人的重要他人的更多内容。
该研究表明，澳大利亚指南中建议的原始行动得到了高度认可，但也有相当数量的新内容突出了适应过程的重要性。需要进一步研究这些指南在智利和阿根廷的心理健康急救培训课程中的传播情况。
