Feng Peifeng, Ma Lichun, Zhang Mingguang, Quan Yiling, Li Mingzhuan, Zhou Xin, Liu Xingyao, Jian Xigao, Xu Jian
State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Liaoning High Performance Polymer Engineering Research Center, Department of Polymer Science and Materials, School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.
Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Data-Driven High-Safety Energy Materials and Applications, Ningbo Key Laboratory of Special Energy Materials and Chemistry, Ningbo Institute of Materials Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo 315201, China.
ACS Appl Mater Interfaces. 2024 May 1;16(17):22747-22758. doi: 10.1021/acsami.4c04051. Epub 2024 Apr 18.
To improve the mechanical performance of carbon fiber (CF)/epoxy composites in high-temperature environments, a moderately modulus gradient modulus interlayer was constructed at the interface phase region of composites. This involved the design of a "rigid-flexible" synergistic reinforcement structure, incorporating rigid nanoparticle GO@CNTs and a flexible polymer polynaphthyl ether nitrile ketone onto the CF surface. Notably, at 180 °C, compared to commercial CF composites, the CF-GO@CNTs-PPENK composites displayed a remarkable improvement in their mechanical characteristics (interfacial shear, interlaminar shear, flexural strength, and modulus), achieving enhancements of 173.0, 91.5, 225.7, and 376.4%, respectively. The principal reason for this the moderately modulus interface phase composed of GO@CNTs-PPENK (where GO and CNTs predominantly consist of carbon atoms with sp-hybridized orbitals, forming highly stable C-C structures, while PPENK possesses a "twisted non-coplanar" structure), which exhibited resistance to deformation at high temperatures. Moreover, it greatly improved the mechanical interlocking, wettability, and chemical compatibility between CF and the epoxy. It also played a crucial role in balancing and buffering the modulus disparity. The interface failure behavior and reinforcement mechanisms of the CF composites were analyzed. Furthermore, validation of the presence of a moderately modulus gradient interlayer at the interface phase region of CF-GO@CNTs-PPENK composites was performed by using atomic force microscopy. This study has established a theoretical foundation for the development of high-performance CF composites for use in high-temperature fields.
为提高碳纤维（CF）/环氧树脂复合材料在高温环境下的力学性能，在复合材料的界面相区域构建了适度模量梯度模量中间层。这涉及设计一种“刚柔”协同增强结构，将刚性纳米粒子GO@CNTs和柔性聚合物聚萘基醚腈酮引入CF表面。值得注意的是，在180℃时，与商用CF复合材料相比，CF-GO@CNTs-PPENK复合材料的力学性能（界面剪切、层间剪切、弯曲强度和模量）有显著改善，分别提高了173.0%、91.5%、225.7%和376.4%。其主要原因是由GO@CNTs-PPENK组成的适度模量界面相（其中GO和CNTs主要由具有sp杂化轨道的碳原子组成，形成高度稳定的C-C结构，而PPENK具有“扭曲的非共面”结构），在高温下表现出抗变形能力。此外，它极大地改善了CF与环氧树脂之间的机械互锁、润湿性和化学相容性。它在平衡和缓冲模量差异方面也起着关键作用。分析了CF复合材料的界面破坏行为和增强机制。此外，通过原子力显微镜对CF-GO@CNTs-PPENK复合材料界面相区域存在适度模量梯度中间层进行了验证。本研究为开发用于高温领域的高性能CF复合材料奠定了理论基础。
