Eltahir Heba M
Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology (Biochemistry Division), Taibah University, Medina, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Mar 19;16(3):e56459. doi: 10.7759/cureus.56459. eCollection 2024 Mar.
One of the common inflammatory disorders that substantially affects the stomach and its mucosa is gastritis. It can be induced by non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), antibiotics, alcohol, infection, and stress. These factors affect cellular regeneration, mucus production, and bicarbonate secretion, resulting finally in inflammation and ulceration. Ethanol-induced gastritis is one of the commonly used models for studying the pathology of gastritis and investigating the effect of drugs in managing the disease. Several drugs, such as proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), are available to control and correct the pathological signs of gastritis; however, the side effects of such drugs represent an obstacle to their applications in many cases. (QI) Olivier galls are formed as a pathological response to wasp insults to the tree. They are rich in several bioactive molecules, e.g., gallotannins that have been shown to be effective in several inflammatory conditions due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potentials. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the therapeutic potential of QI gall extract (QIGE) in treating ethanol-induced gastritis in rats. To test this, 20 adult male Swiss rats were divided into four groups: healthy control, ethanol-treated (80% in water, 5 ml/kg, per oral gavage), ethanol + omeprazole (20 mg/kg, per oral gavage), and ethanol + QIGE (300 mg/kg, per oral gavage). QIGE was administered for seven days before ethanol administration, which took place three hours after the last QIGE dose. Three hours after ethanol intake, animals were euthanized, gastric content was collected, and stomach tissue was examined for macroscopic changes and then fixed to be further utilized for histological assessment by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), and Masson's trichrome staining. Ethanol treatment significantly decreased gastric pH and increased gastric acidity compared to healthy control. It also induced clear morphological and histological damage and ulceration, depleted mucus on the gastric epithelium, and induced edema and collagen deposition in gastric submucosa. The QIGE treatment ameliorated the changes in gastric pH and total acidity. It also protected stomach tissue from ethanol-induced ulceration, histopathological changes, edema, and collagen deposition. The protective effects of QIGE were comparable to those of omeprazole. In conclusion, QI gall extract possesses a promising gastroprotective effect against ethanol-induced gastritis.
胃炎是一种严重影响胃及其黏膜的常见炎症性疾病。它可由非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）、抗生素、酒精、感染和压力诱发。这些因素影响细胞再生、黏液分泌和碳酸氢盐分泌，最终导致炎症和溃疡。乙醇诱导的胃炎是研究胃炎病理和研究药物治疗该病效果常用的模型之一。有几种药物，如质子泵抑制剂（PPIs），可用于控制和纠正胃炎的病理症状；然而，这些药物的副作用在许多情况下阻碍了它们的应用。（奇）奥利弗瘿是树木对黄蜂侵害的病理反应形成的。它们富含多种生物活性分子，例如没食子单宁，由于其抗氧化和抗炎潜力，已被证明在几种炎症情况下有效。在本研究中，我们旨在评估奇瘿提取物（QIGE）治疗大鼠乙醇诱导胃炎的治疗潜力。为了验证这一点，将20只成年雄性瑞士大鼠分为四组：健康对照组、乙醇处理组（水中80%，5毫升/千克，经口灌胃）、乙醇+奥美拉唑组（20毫克/千克，经口灌胃）和乙醇+QIGE组（300毫克/千克，经口灌胃）。在给予乙醇前7天给予QIGE，乙醇给药在最后一次QIGE给药后3小时进行。乙醇摄入3小时后，对动物实施安乐死，收集胃内容物，并检查胃组织的宏观变化，然后固定以便进一步用苏木精和伊红（H&E）、过碘酸希夫（PAS）和马森三色染色进行组织学评估。与健康对照组相比，乙醇处理显著降低了胃pH值并增加了胃酸度。它还导致明显的形态学和组织学损伤及溃疡，使胃上皮黏液减少，并在胃黏膜下层引起水肿和胶原沉积。QIGE处理改善了胃pH值和总酸度的变化。它还保护胃组织免受乙醇诱导的溃疡、组织病理学变化、水肿和胶原沉积。QIGE的保护作用与奥美拉唑相当。总之，奇瘿提取物对乙醇诱导的胃炎具有有前景的胃保护作用。
