在大波兰的老年居民中，压力负荷和脆弱性没有显著的相关性。
Allostatic load and frailty do not covary significantly among older residents of Greater Poland.
机构信息
Department of Human Nutrition and Hygiene, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland.
Department of Anthropology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA.
出版信息
J Physiol Anthropol. 2024 Apr 20;43(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s40101-024-00359-2.
BACKGROUND
Physiological dysregulation/allostatic load and the geriatric syndrome frailty increase with age. As a neurophysiological response system, allostasis supports survival by limiting stressor-related damage. Frailty reflects decreased strength, endurance, and physical abilities secondary to losses of muscle and bone with age. One suggestion, based on large cohort studies of person's ages 70 + years, is that frailty contributes to allostatic load at older ages. However, small community-based research has not confirmed this specific association.
METHODS
To further explore possible associations between allostatic load and frailty, we enrolled 211 residents of Greater Poland aged 55-91 years living in a small village (Nekla, N = 104) and an urban center and capital of Greater Poland (Poznan, N = 107). For each, we recorded age, self-reported sex, and residence and estimated a 10-biomarker allostatic load score (ALS) and an 8-biomarker frailty index. We anticipated the following: higher ALS and frailty among men and rural residents; for frailty but not ALS to be higher at older ages; significant associations of ALS with sex and place of residence, but not with age or frailty. The significance of observed associations was evaluated by t-tests and multivariate regression.
RESULTS
ALS did not vary significantly between men and women nor between Nekla and Poznan residents overall. However, women showed significantly higher frailty than men. Nekla men showed significantly higher ALS but not frailty, while Nekla women showed nonsignificantly higher ALS and lower frailty than Poznan. In multivariate analyses, neither age, nor sex, nor residence was associated with ALS. Conversely, age, sex, and residence, but not ALS, are associated significantly with frailty. In Nekla, both age and sex, but in Poznan only age, are associated with ALS. Among women, both age and residence, but among men, neither associated with ALS. In no case did ALS associate significantly with frailty.
CONCLUSION
In this sample, lifestyle factors associated with residence, age, and sex influence stress-related physiology, less so in women, while ALS and frailty do not covary, suggesting their underlying promoters are distinct. Similar complex associations of physiological dysregulation with frailty, age, sex, and residence likely exist within many local settings. Knowledge of this variation likely will aid in supporting health and healthcare services among seniors.
背景
生理失调/适应负荷和老年综合征衰弱随着年龄的增长而增加。作为一种神经生理反应系统，适应通过限制与应激相关的损伤来支持生存。衰弱反映了由于年龄增长导致肌肉和骨骼减少而导致的力量、耐力和身体能力下降。一项基于对 70 岁以上人群的大型队列研究的建议是，衰弱会导致老年时的适应负荷增加。然而，小型社区研究并未证实这种特定关联。
方法
为了进一步探讨适应负荷与衰弱之间可能存在的关联，我们招募了居住在一个小村庄（Nekla，N=104）和一个城市中心和大波兰首府（波兹南，N=107）的 211 名大波兰地区 55-91 岁的居民。对于每个人，我们记录了年龄、自我报告的性别和居住地，并估计了 10 个生物标志物适应负荷评分（ALS）和 8 个生物标志物衰弱指数。我们预计以下情况：男性和农村居民的 ALS 和衰弱程度较高；年龄较大时，衰弱程度较高，但 ALS 并非如此；ALS 与性别和居住地显著相关，但与年龄或衰弱无关。通过 t 检验和多元回归评估观察到的关联的显著性。
结果
男性和女性之间以及 Nekla 和 Poznan 居民之间的 ALS 没有显著差异。然而，女性的衰弱程度明显高于男性。Nekla 男性的 ALS 明显高于女性，但没有衰弱，而 Nekla 女性的 ALS 略高于 Poznan，衰弱程度低于 Poznan。在多元分析中，年龄、性别和居住地均与 ALS 无关。相反，年龄、性别和居住地与衰弱显著相关，但 ALS 不相关。在 Nekla，年龄和性别均与 ALS 相关，但在 Poznan，仅年龄与 ALS 相关。在女性中，年龄和居住地均与 ALS 相关，但在男性中，两者均与 ALS 无关。在任何情况下，ALS 均与衰弱无显著相关性。
结论
在本样本中，与居住地、年龄和性别相关的生活方式因素会影响与应激相关的生理机能，对女性的影响较小，而 ALS 和衰弱并不相关，这表明它们的潜在促进因素不同。在许多当地环境中，生理失调与衰弱、年龄、性别和居住地的复杂关联可能类似存在。了解这种变化可能有助于为老年人提供健康和医疗保健服务。
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