Ellis Aleshia, Gillespie Kerri, McCosker Laura, Hudson Carly, Diamond Gideon, Machingura Tawanda, Branjerdporn Grace, Woerwag-Mehta Sabine
Gold Coast Hospital and Health Services, 1 Hospital Boulevard, Southport, QLD, 4215, Australia.
Bond University, 14 University Drive, Robina, QLD, 4226, Australia.
J Eat Disord. 2024 Apr 22;12(1):47. doi: 10.1186/s40337-024-01002-2.
Mealtimes are a period of heightened distress for individuals with eating disorders. Patients frequently display maladaptive coping strategies, such as hiding food and using distraction techniques to avoid eating. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the evidence for meal support interventions as a first-line intervention for eating disorders.
Six databases were systematically searched in January 2024. Papers including patients with an eating disorder, and meal support or meal supervision, were examined. Quality appraisal was conducted.
Ten studies met inclusion criteria. Meal support was conducted individually and in group settings. Two studies examined the practical or interpersonal processes of meal support. Carers and trained clinicians implemented meal support. Individuals across the lifespan were examined. Settings included inpatient units, community clinics, and the home. Studies were heterogeneously evaluated with retrospective chart audits, pre- and post- cohort studies, semi-structured interviews, video analysis, and surveys.
Meal support intervention is potentially suitable and beneficial for patients of various age groups and eating disorder diagnoses. Due to the lack of consistent approaches, it is apparent there is no standardised framework and manualised approach. This highlights the need for the development of a co-designed approach, adequate training, and rigorous evaluation.
用餐时间对饮食失调患者来说是痛苦加剧的时期。患者经常表现出适应不良的应对策略，如藏食物和使用分散注意力的技巧来避免进食。本系统评价的目的是评估膳食支持干预作为饮食失调一线干预措施的证据。
2024年1月对六个数据库进行了系统检索。对包括饮食失调患者以及膳食支持或膳食监督的论文进行了审查。进行了质量评估。
十项研究符合纳入标准。膳食支持在个体和团体环境中进行。两项研究考察了膳食支持的实际或人际过程。护理人员和经过培训的临床医生实施膳食支持。研究对象涵盖了各个年龄段的人。场所包括住院病房、社区诊所和家庭。研究采用回顾性病历审核、队列前后研究、半结构化访谈、视频分析和调查等方式进行了异质性评估。
膳食支持干预可能适用于不同年龄组和饮食失调诊断的患者，并且有益。由于缺乏一致的方法，显然没有标准化的框架和手册化方法。这突出了开发共同设计的方法、进行充分培训和进行严格评估的必要性。
