Lee Si-Yeon, Choi Ja-Eun, Lee Ji-Won, Lee Yaeji, Park Jae-Min, Hong Kyung-Won
Department of Family Medicine, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
R&D Division, Theragen Health Co. Ltd., Seongnam, Korea.
Korean J Fam Med. 2025 Jan;46(1):42-47. doi: 10.4082/kjfm.23.0166. Epub 2024 Apr 22.
Sleep disorders and insomnia are prevalent worldwide, with negative health outcomes. The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) is a widely used self-report assessment tool for evaluating sleep quality, comprising seven subdomains. The Korean version of the PSQI (PSQI-K) has been tested for reliability and validity in small sample sizes but lacks large-scale validation using objective measures.
This study was conducted with 268 Korean adults attending health check programs. Participants completed the PSQI-K questionnaire and wore Fitbit devices (Fitbit Inc., USA) to ascertain sleep parameters. Reliability was analyzed using the Cronbach's α coefficient, and construct validity was determined through factor analysis. Criteria validity was assessed by correlating their index scores with Fitbit sleep parameters. We identified the optimal cutoff for detecting sleep disorders.
The Cronbach's α coefficient was 0.61, indicating adequate internal consistency. Factor analysis revealed three factors, explaining 48.2% of sleep quality variance. The index scores were negatively correlated with Fitbit sleep efficiency, total sleep time, and number of awakenings (P<0.05). The optimal cutoff point for identifying sleep disorder groups was ≥6.
The PSQI-K demonstrated good reliability and validity when correlated with Fitbit sleep parameters, offering a practical screening tool for identifying sleep disorders among Korean adults. Cutoff scores can help identify patients for sleep interventions. However, further large-scale studies are required to validate these findings.
睡眠障碍和失眠在全球范围内普遍存在，会产生负面的健康后果。匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）是一种广泛使用的自我报告评估工具，用于评估睡眠质量，包括七个子领域。PSQI的韩语版本（PSQI-K）已在小样本量中进行了信效度测试，但缺乏使用客观测量方法的大规模验证。
本研究对268名参加健康检查项目的韩国成年人进行。参与者完成PSQI-K问卷，并佩戴Fitbit设备（美国Fitbit公司）以确定睡眠参数。使用克朗巴赫α系数分析信度，并通过因子分析确定结构效度。通过将其指数得分与Fitbit睡眠参数相关联来评估效标效度。我们确定了检测睡眠障碍的最佳临界值。
克朗巴赫α系数为0.61，表明内部一致性良好。因子分析揭示了三个因子，解释了48.2%的睡眠质量方差。指数得分与Fitbit睡眠效率、总睡眠时间和觉醒次数呈负相关（P<0.05）。识别睡眠障碍组的最佳临界点为≥6。
当与Fitbit睡眠参数相关联时，PSQI-K表现出良好的信度和效度，为识别韩国成年人中的睡眠障碍提供了一种实用的筛查工具。临界分数有助于识别需要睡眠干预的患者。然而，需要进一步的大规模研究来验证这些结果。
